色度测量在文物考古中的应用

Application of color measurement in cultural relics and archaeology

颜色的定量判断、描述和比较是文物考古中的重要内容。色度测量可以快速、准确、无损地获取研究对象的颜色数据,对其计算分析,可得到更多信息。目前,色度测量已被广泛应用于科技考古和文物保护的实际工作中。本文结合国内外文献,对色度测量方法在文物考古中的应用和研究现状进行梳理后发现色度测量能够有效地帮助解决以下问题:研究文物呈色机制和制作工艺;评价文物清洗效果和保护材料的颜色稳定性;分析环境因素对文物色彩的影响。随着色度学理论和方法的完善和发展,以及与其他分析技术和方法等的结合,优化的色度测量条件、对颜色数据计算处理后得到的文物色貌模型和数字颜色管理系统将在文物考古研究中发挥更大的作用。

Quantitative judgment,description and comparison of color are important contents in cultural relics and archaeology.Color measurement can quickly,accurately and non-destructively obtain the color data on research objects and analyze it to get more information.At present,color measurement has been widely used in the practical work of archaeological science and conservation.This paper combines domestic and foreign literature to review the application and research status of color measurement methods in cultural relics and archaeology.It is found that color measurement can effectively help solve the following problems:determination of the coloring mechanisms and production processes for cultural relics,evaluation of the effect of cleaning cultural relics and measuring the color stability of conservational materials,and analysis of the influence of environment on the color of cultural relics.With improvement and development of colorimetric theories and methods,as well as combination with other analytical techniques and methods,optimized colorimetric measurement conditions can be developed.In addition,the color appearance model of the cultural relics by calculation and processing of color data and the digital color management system will play a greater role in cultural relics and archaeology.