饲粮中添加蚯蚓液对宁都黄鸡生长性能、屠宰性能、肌肉品质和血清生化指标的影响

Effects of Basic Diet that Added Earthworm Fluid on Growth Performance,Slaughter Performance,Meat Quality and Serum Biochemical Indexes in Ningdu Yellow Chicken

试验旨在探索不同添加水平的蚯蚓液对宁都黄鸡生长性能、屠宰性能、肌肉品质和血清生化指标的影响。选用体重接近、健康状态良好的21日龄宁都黄鸡360只,随机分成4组,每组6个重复,每个重复15只。采用单因子完全随机试验设计,对照组饲喂基础饲粮,Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组及Ⅲ组分别饲喂添加1‰、2‰、3‰蚯蚓液的基础饲粮。预试期1周,正式试验期13周。结果表明:Ⅲ组料重比显著低于对照组、Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组(P <0.05);蚯蚓液对各试验组的屠宰率、半净膛率、全净膛率、胸肌率、腿肌率、腹脂率、心脏指数、肝脏指数、脾脏指数、肺脏指数、法氏囊指数、肌胃指数、腺胃指数及小肠厚度等屠宰性能无显著影响(P> 0.05);Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组宁都黄鸡胸肌的脂肪含量极显著高于对照组(P <0.01),Ⅲ组胸肌的油酸含量显著高于对照组(P <0.05),而Ⅱ组胸肌的天门冬氨酸、谷氨酸、精氨酸、蛋氨酸、异亮氨酸、亮氨酸含量显著低于对照组(P <0.05),其余肌肉常规营养成分水平、氨基酸水平、脂肪酸水平及重金属水平差异均不显著(P> 0.05);Ⅱ组的丙氨酸氨基转移酶显著高于对照组(P <0.05),其余血清生化指标差异均不显著(P> 0.05)。综上,基础饲粮中添加3‰蚯蚓液不仅能提高宁都黄鸡生产性能,降低饲养成本,还能改善肌肉品质,不影响动物的产肉性能和正常生理机能,适用于宁都黄鸡的健康养殖和节粮养殖。

In order to investigate the effects of earthworm fluid on the growth performance,slaughter performance,meat quality and serum biochemical indexes of Ningdu Yellow Chicken. A total of three hudred and sixty health chickens at 21 days-old were randomly allocated four treatments( 6 repetitions each group,15 chickens each repetition). The chickens in control group were fed with based diet,while chickens in Group Ⅰ,Group Ⅱ and Group Ⅲ were fed with basic die that added 1‰,2‰ and 3‰ earthworm fluid respectively. The pre-trial period was 1 week,and the formal trial period was 13 weeks. Results showed that A/G in Group Ⅲ was significantly lower than control group,the Group Ⅰ and Group Ⅱ( P < 0. 05);The earthworm fluid had no significant effect on slaughter performance,such as slaughter rate,half clearance rate,full clearance rate,pectoral muscle rate,leg muscle rate,abdominal fat rate,heart index,liver index,spleen index,lung index,bursa of fabricius index,muscle stomach index,glandular stomach index and small intestine thickness in each group( P > 0. 05);Compared with control group,fat levels of Group Ⅰ,Ⅱ,and Ⅲ were significantly increased( P < 0. 01),and the level of oleic acid in Group Ⅲ was clearly boosted( P< 0. 05),while the levels of Asp,Glu,Met,Ile,Leu and Arg in Group Ⅱ were significantly decreased( P < 0. 05);Compared with control group,alanine aminotransferase( ALT) level in GroupⅡ was significantly increased( P < 0. 05). To sum up,3‰ earthworm solution can not only improve the growth performance of Ningdu Yellow Chicken,but also improve the meat quality without affecting production performance and normal physiological function,which is suitable for the healthy breeding of Ningdu Yellow Chicken.