敦煌唐代维摩诘经变中的珥貂大臣

Minister with Mink Tails Inserted on Their Hats in the Vimalakirti Sutra Painting of the Tang Dynasty at Dunhuang

在莫高窟初唐第220窟和第332、335窟维摩诘经变文殊菩萨一侧的随同中原帝王问疾的队伍中,有一身或二身平巾帻上珥貂的侍臣,其紧随帝王之后或为前导,位置显赫。对比新、旧《唐书》等文献资料来看,第220窟右侧珥貂大臣应为贞观元年复置的“散骑常侍”;第332、335窟二身左侧珥貂大臣应为贞观十六年后设置的“左散骑常侍”。这一人物身份的识别对于我们准确认识唐代职官服制形式,以及敦煌壁画所蕴含的历史价值等方面都具有重要意义。

On one side of Manjusri Bodhisattva in Cave 220 of Mogao Grottoes of the Early Tang Dynasty and Vimalakirti Sutra paintings of Caves 332 and 335,in the team with Central China emperor’s visiting,there is one or two servant officials with mink tails inserted on their flat hats.Followed closely to or led the emperor,position of the servant officials is prominent.Compared with the new and old"Books of the Tang"and other literature,the official with a mink tail on his hat in the right side of cave 220 might be"a servant official who often rides beside the emperor",of which the position and title were restored in the first year of Zhenguan period;the two images of officials with mink tails inserted on their hats in both left sides of caves 332 and 335 might be"Servant officials who often ride in the left side of the emperor",of which the position and title were restored in the sixteenth year of Zhen guan period.Identification of this character is of great significance for us to accurately recognize costume form of officials in the Tang Dynasty and the historical value contained in the Dunhuang murals.