体育赛事直播画面法律性质探析

Legal Nature of Live Pictures in Sports Game

在著作权法语境下,划分广义“视听作品”应当采取较为严格的独创性标准。独创性的判断对象是思想的表达,其中内在表达体现独创性。在遵循节目制作的客观性和即时性的前提下,体育赛事直播画面的内在表达受到拍摄素材的选择、组织和编辑的限制,节目制作者的个性化选择空间受限,难以投入较多独创性因素,内在表达难以达到著作权法语境下的独创性标准,应将体育赛事直播画面认定为录像制品。法律的滞后性导致部分常见侵权行为无法得到规制,应当扩大信息网络传播权的调整范围,拓宽广播电视组织者权的主体范围和规制范围,同时适当运用反不正当竞争法予以补充保护。

In the context of Copyright Law of the People's Republic of China,the classification of“audio-visual works”in the broad sense should adopt a relatively strict standard of originality.The object of originality is the expression of thought,in which the inner expression embodies originality.On the premise of following the objectivity and immediacy of program production,the inner expression of live pictures of sports games is limited by the selection,organization and edit of shooting materials.As a result,program producers don't have much individualized selection and have difficulty in adding more originality factors,and the inner expression is difficult to reach the standard of originality of the copyright law,so live pictures in sports games should be identified as video products.Due to the lag feature of laws,some common infringements cannot be regulated.Therefore,it is necessary to enlarge the regulatory range of information network transmission rights,broaden the scope of the body and regulation of the rights of broadcasting and TV organizers,and at the same time,Anti Unfair Competition Law of the People's Republic of China should be properly used as a supplement.