工程教育范式与新生工程导论课发展的观察与思考

Observation and Thinking of Engineering Education Paradigm and Introductory Course of Engineering for Freshman

新工科对工科人才培养提出了新的要求。作为本科高等工程教育的第一个环节,新生工程导论课必须为适应新的要求而做出改变。在明确新生工程导论课内涵的基础上,通过文献调查,梳理国内外新生工程导论课在历史发展进程中的各种类型。结合新工科的特征,指出新工科背景下新生工程导论课应选择哪些类型进行设计与实施,并聚焦实施中遇到的难题,提出相应措施。本研究旨在为新工科背景下新生工程导论课的设计与实施带来一定的启发和借鉴意义。

The emerging engineering education puts forward new requirements for the cultivation of engineering talents.As the first step of higher engineering education at the undergraduate level,the introductory course of engineering for freshman must adapt to the new requirements and make changes.The connotation of the introductory course of engineering for freshman is clarified.Through a literature review,the various types of introductory course of engineering for freshman at home and abroad in the historical development process are sorted out.Combined with the characteristics of the emerging engineering education,it is pointed out which types of engineering course should be selected for design and implementation.The difficulties encountered in implementation is emphasized,and corresponding solutions are proposed.It is hoped that the research will bring certain inspiration and reference for design and implementation of the introductory course of engineering for freshman under the background of the emerging engineering education.