转基因白桦杂交子代种子活力及外源基因遗传规律分析

Determination of Seed Vigor and Genetic Analysis of Foreign Genes in Different Transgenic Birch Hybrids

探索目的基因在转基因白桦杂交子代群体中的传递规律,为后续进一步跟踪调查,实现转基因白桦的聚合育种提供帮助。以1年生BpAP1、TabZIP转基因白桦杂交T1代和5年生BpGH3.5、BpCCR转基因白桦为研究对象,测定杂交子代种子千粒质量、发芽率和发芽势等活力指标,同时采用PCR扩增法检测目的基因,调查杂交T2代白桦苗高。杂交子代各家系间种子千粒质量、种子活力指标和苗高等在0.01水平上差异显著,各性状的家系遗传力均高于85.00%。研究结果表明,目的基因在T2代群体中的传递规律不符合孟德尔遗传规律,雌、雄配子目的基因的传递效率分别为30.00%、50.00%左右,同时未获得3目的基因聚合的杂交T2代个体。目的基因的随机插入降低了白桦杂交T2代种子活力,未获得3基因聚合的白桦杂交子代,目的基因的聚合对杂交子代个体的生长发育产生了不利影响,甚至产生致死现象。

To explore the transmission mode of target gene in hybrid offspring of transgenic birch for further follow-up investigation,it is helpful to realize polymerization breeding for study on transgenic birch.In this study,the growth traits including thousand-seed weight,germination rate,germination potential and vigor index for offspring of transgenic birch were measured respectively.The offspring included families of T1 cross generation of 1-year-old BpAP1 and TabZIP transgenic birch,5-year-old BpGH3.5 and BpCCR transgenic birch and half-sibling families of open pollination.The results showed that thousand-seed weight,seed vigor index and seedling height were all significantly different at 0.01 level among those families respectively,and family heritability of each trait was higher than 85.00%.Results showed that the transmission mode of target gene in T2 generation population does not accord with mendelian inheritance.The transfer efficiency of target genes of female and male gametes was about 30.00%and 50.00%respectively,however T2 hybrid polymerized with the 3 target genes was unattained.The random insertion of target gene reduced the seed vigor of T2 generation hybrid.We did not obtain birch hybrids with the 3 target genes.The polymerization of the target gene had an adverse effect on the growth and development of the hybrid offspring,and even death.