受电弓离线过程弓网电弧电气特性研究

Study on Electrical Characteristics of Pantograph-catenary Arc During Contact Loss

受流问题是制约电气化铁路提速的因素之一,而弓网电弧电气特性是反映高速列车受流问题的重要指标。基于自主设计搭建的弓网离线电弧实验平台,分别探究弓网在稳态离线状态与动态离线过程中燃弧尖峰电压、稳定燃弧电压、电弧电阻、功率的变化规律,对弓网电弧进行伏安特性分析。并对燃弧尖峰电压的变化规律进行曲线拟合,探究电流大小对弓网离线过程电弧电压的影响。实验表明,弓网电弧伏安特性曲线关于原点不对称;在弓网离线过程中,燃弧尖峰电压随弓网间隙距离的增加呈指数增长关系;以受电弓滑板为阴极时,稳定燃弧电压及电弧电阻较小;电流增大,燃弧尖峰电压减小,重燃弧次数明显增加。

Current collection is one of the factors that restrict the acceleration of electrified railway, and the electric characteristic of pantograph-catenary arc is an important indicator of current collection in high speed railway. Based on the self-designed experimental platform, the variation law of the arcing peak voltage, stable arcing voltage, arc resistance and power of pantograph-catenary arc are studied respectively in steady and dynamic off-line states;and the voltage-current characteristics of pantograph-catenary arc are analyzed. The relationship between the gap distance and the arcing peak voltage is analyzed by curve fitting, and the influence of the current on the voltage of pantograph-catenary arc is studied. The results show that the voltage-current characteristic curve of pantograph-catenary arc is not symmetrical to the origin;the arcing peak voltage increases exponentially with the increase of the gap distance during the process of contact loss;stable arcing voltage and arc resistance are small when pantograph slider is used as cathode;with the increase of current, the peak voltage of arc decreases and the number of arc reignition increases.