寒冷地区三甲医院建筑能耗特征与关键影响因素研究

Energy Consumption Characteristics and Key Influencing Factors of 3A Hospitals in Cold Areas

医院建筑是能耗最大的公共建筑之一,也是当前公共建筑节能研究的薄弱环节,尤其是缺少系统分析能耗结构及其影响因素以及探索节能空间方面的研究。选取寒冷地区20个三甲医院进行了详细调研及能耗特征分析,结果显示:寒冷地区医院建筑年平均单位建筑面积能耗量为65.34 kgce/(m2·a),处于全国中高等水平。借助系统模块化思想,将整个医院建筑分为建筑外围护结构模块和内部空间功能模块,并从模块中细分选取8个能耗影响因素,运用SPSS软件进行偏相关分析以区别各因素的影响程度,研究发现单位建筑面积年住院人数、单位建筑面积大型设备功率、窗墙比是医院建筑能耗的关键影响因素。

Hospital building is one of the most energy-consuming public buildings,and it is also a weak link in the current research on energy conservation in public buildings.In particular,systematic analysis of the structure of energy consumption and its influencing factors,and the exploration of energysaving space research are scarce.20 3 A hospitals in cold areas were selected for detailed investigation and analysis of energy consumption characteristics.The results show that the average annual energy consumption per unit building area of hospitals in cold areas is 65.34 kgce/( m~2·a),which is in the middle and high level in China.With the aid of system modularization,the entire hospital building was divided into building external protection structure modules and internal space function modules,and eight energy-consuming influencing factors were selected from the subdivision modules.The use of SPSS software for partial correlation analysis is to distinguish the degree of influence of various factors.The research finds that the annual number of residents per unit building area,the power of large equipment per unit building area,and the window-wall ratio are the key influencing factors of the hospital building energy consumption.