纤维材料的高性能化和多功能化研究进展

Progress on High Performance and Multi-Functionalization of Fiber Materials

针对天然纤维功能性和舒适性的矛盾、高性能有机纤维难以直接服役于极端环境(包括强辐射环境、深空、深海、深地)、高性能无机纤维难编织等问题,急需实现天然纤维产品功能性和舒适性的协调统一、有机高性能纤维的无机化和高性能化以及无机高性能纤维的高性能化和可编织化等相关科技创新和技术支撑,本文从纤维材料本身所存在的缺陷出发,简要综述了国内外在天然纤维和高性能纤维材料高性能化和功能化方面的研究进展,并指出其所存在的问题和瓶颈。在此基础上简要介绍了笔者团队在该方向所取得的阶段性成果,以期为全面提升我国纤维材料的高性能化和多功能化的科技创新水平,提高纤维材料及其制品的国际核心竞争力提供理论支持。

Aiming at various challenges in the field of fiber materials,including the contradiction between the functionality and comfort of natural fibers,and the difficulty of high-performance fibers to directly serve in extreme environments(including strong radiation environments,deep space,deep sea,and deep ground),technological innovations and technical supports are urgent to achieve,such as the coordination and unification of the functionality and comfort of natural fibers and general synthetic fiber products,the inorganic transformation and high-performance of high-performance organic fibers,and the performance improvement and weaving of high-performance inorganic fibers.According to the defects of various types of fiber materials,this paper reviewed the research progress of high performance and functionalization of fiber materials all over the world and pointed out the problems and bottlenecks,followed by briefly introducing the significant achievements realized by our team in this field.On this basis,the trends of future development were proposed,providing a direction and theoretical support for the comprehensive enhancement in the multifunctionality and high-performance of fiber materials,and in order to improve the international core competitiveness of fiber materials and products.