NLRP3炎性小体与心血管疾病的研究进展

Research progress of NLRP3 inflammasome and cardiovascular diseases

炎性小体(inflammasome)是一种多蛋白复合物,主要由识别炎症的胞浆型模式识别受体(PRRs)、接头蛋白凋亡相关斑点样蛋白(ASC)和效应蛋白前半胱天冬酶-1(pro-caspase-1)三部分组成。炎性小体的激活过程中最主要的步骤是白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)和白细胞介素-18(IL-18)等炎性因子的成熟和释放,从而引起炎症反应。在心血管疾病中,有关核苷酸结合寡聚化结构域样受体蛋白3(NLRP3)炎性小体的研究最为广泛。诸多研究表明,心血管疾病的危险因素同样可以激活NLRP3炎性小体进而促进疾病的发展。本文就近年来对NLRP3炎性小体在动脉粥样硬化、心肌梗死、高血压等心血管疾病中的形成、激活及相关治疗等方面进行综述。

Inflammasome is a multi protein complex mainly composed of three parts:patterm recognition receptors(PRRs),apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing CARD(ASC)and pro-caspase-1,which recognizes inflammation.The most important step in the activation of inflammasome is the maturation and release of inflammatory factors such as interleukin-1β(IL-1β)and interleukin-18(IL-18),which causes an inflammatory response.In cardiovascular disease,the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3(NLRP3)inflammasome is the most widely studied.Many studies have shown that the risk factors of cardiovascular disease can also activate the NLRP3 inflammasome and promote development of the disease.This article reviews the recent studies on the formnation,activation and treatment of NLRP3 inflammasome in cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis,myocardial infarction and hypertension.