基于三阶段DEA模型的广东省财政支农效率评价与政策研究

Evaluation and Policy Research on the Efficiency of Financial Support for Agriculture in Guangdong Province Based on the Three-stage DEA Model

【目的】分析广东省财政支农现状及问题,评价财政支农效率,为广东省提升财政支农资金使用效率及农业高质量发展提出政策建议。【方法】运用三阶段DEA模型对广东省2000—2018年及20个市2010—2018年的财政支农效率进行测度。【结果】广东省整体财政支农效率呈现出下降趋势,纯技术效率较高,但规模效率较低导致综合效率不高,大多市处于规模报酬递减状态;在剥离了地区生产总值、农作物受灾面积、农业技术协会个数3个环境因素和随机干扰项以后,各市财政支农效率发生了一定程度的变化,11个市综合效率上升,7个市综合效率下降,省级综合效率整体上升;以0.9的市级纯技术效率和规模效率为依据,将20个市划分为4个类型,各类型地区应当根据不同的情况进行改进;从区域上来看,珠三角地区综合效率、规模效率较低,粤北地区纯技术效率较低,4个区域的3种效率值之间的差距都在不断缩小。【结论】根据研究结果提出相应对策建议:科学合理分配财政支农资金,逐步建立现代财政支农制度;重视外部条件对效率的影响,为财政支农创造良好的环境;积极引导绿色农业不断发展,推动相关配套政策落地实施。

【Objective】The study was carried out to analyze the current situation and problems of financial support for agriculture,evaluate the efficiency of financial support for agriculture in Guangdong Province,and provide policy recommendations for Guangdong Province to improve the efficiency of the use of financial support for agriculture and the high-quality development of agriculture.【Method】The three-stage DEA model was used to measure the efficiency of financial support for agriculture in Guangdong Province from 2000 to 2018 and that of 20 cities from 2010 to 2018.【Result】The overall efficiency of financial support for agriculture in Guangdong Province showed a downward trend.The pure technical efficiency was relatively high,but the low scale efficiency led to low overall efficiency.Most cities were in a state of diminishing returns to scale.After the removal of three environmental factors including the regional GDP,damaged area of crops and number of agricultural technology associations and random interference items,the efficiency of financial support for agriculture in each city has changed to a certain extent.The overall efficiency of 11 cities has increased,the overall efficiency of 7 cities has decreased,and that of the provincial level has increased.Twenty cities were divided into four types of regions based on pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency of 0.9,and each type of region should be improved according to different situations.From the administrative area,the overall efficiency and scale efficiency of the Pearl River Delta region were low,while the pure technology efficiency in northern Guangdong was low,and the gap between the three efficiency values in the four regions was constantly shrinking.【Conclusion】Based on the research results,corresponding countermeasures and suggestions are proposed,including scientifically and rationally allocating financial support for agriculture,gradually establishing a modern system of financial support for agriculture;attaching importance to the impacts of external conditions on efficiency,creating a good environment for financial support for agriculture and actively guiding the continuous development of green agriculture to promote the implementation of relevant supporting policies.