妊娠期甲状腺功能减退症对妊娠期高血压疾病以及母婴结局的影响

Influence of hypothyroidism on hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy and maternal and infant outcomes

目的探究妊娠期甲状腺功能减退症与妊娠期高血压疾病的关系以及对母婴结局的影响。方法抽选2018年10月~2020年2月锦州市妇婴医院收治的156例孕产妇作为研究对象,按照是否出现妊娠期甲状腺功能减退症将其分为两组,出现甲状腺功能减退症的孕产妇为研究组,共85例;未出现甲状腺功能减退症的孕产妇为对比组,共71例。检测两组的三碘甲状腺原氨酸(FT3)、甲状腺激素(FT4)、促甲状腺激素(TSH)水平,并观察两组妊娠期间血压情况,比较两组的妊娠结局以及对胎儿的影响。结果研究组的FT3、FT4水平低于对比组,而TSH水平高于对比组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组的妊娠高血压发生率为5.63%,高于对比组的20.00%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组早产、胎膜早破、剖宫产、胎儿宫内窘迫、产后出血的发生率均高于对比组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组新生儿感染、黄疸、呼吸窘迫综合征、窒息的发生率均高于对比组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论孕产妇在妊娠期间出现甲状腺功能减退,会增加其妊娠高血压发生风险,且出现早产、胎膜早破、产后出血等概率更高,同时也容易诱发新生儿黄疸、窒息、呼吸窘迫综合征。

Objective To explore the relationship between hypothyroidism and hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy and its influence on maternal and infant outcomes.Methods From October 2018 to February 2020,156 cases of pregnant women in Women and Children′s Hospital of Jinzhou were selected as the research objects,and they were divided into two groups according to whether hypothyroidism occurred during pregnancy.The pregnant women with hypothyroidism were enrolled in the study group,with 85 cases in total;the pregnant women without hypothyroidism were enrolled in the control group,with a total of 71 cases.The levels of triiodothyronine(FT3),thyroid hormone(FT4)and thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH)were detected for the two groups,and the blood pressure during pregnancy was observed.Finally,the pregnancy outcomes and the impact on the fetus of the two groups were compared.Results The levels of FT3 and FT4 in the study group were lower than those in the control group,while the TSH level in the study group was higher than that in the control group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).The incidence of pregnancy induced hypertension in the study group was 5.63%,higher than 20.00%in the control group,with statistically significant difference(P<0.05).The incidence rates of premature birth,premature rupture of membranes,cesarean section,fetal distress and postpartum hemorrhage in the study group were higher than those in the control group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).The incidence rates of neonatal infection,jaundice,respiratory distress syndrome and asphyxia in the study group were higher than those in the control group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Conclusion Hypothyroidism in pregnant women will increase the risk of pregnancy induced hypertension,and the probability of premature delivery,premature rupture of membranes and postpartum hemorrhage is higher,and it is also easy to induce neonatal jaundice,asphyxia and respiratory distress syndrome.