卫星导航系统自主导航技术研究与验证

Research and verification of the autonomous navigation technology of GNSS

本文结合全球卫星导航系统自主导航技术发展现状,介绍了自主导航能力的发展特点及重要作用,分析设计了卫星导航系统自主导航体系架构,并对自主导航关键的时空基准保持技术进行了分析,提出了基于星间观测的完全自主导航的滤波算法、滤波状态噪声协方差信息选择方法及自主导航星载数据处理方法.论证了基于地面观测数据(锚固站)的半自主导航方法,比较了不同锚固站分布、数量及观测周期对自主导航性能的影响,并利用一套地面仿真试验系统验证了自主和半自主模式下的精密定轨和时间同步精度,可为卫星导航系统自主导航设计提供参考.

This paper discusses the important role of autonomous navigation capability in the development of Global Navigation Satellite Systems(GNSS)based on the current status of major GNSS designs.The architecture design for autonomous navigation by a GNSS,mainly comprising the system composition and operational process,is discussed in detail.The key technology that maintains the time and spatial reference of an autonomous navigation system is also discussed.This paper then studies the filtering algorithm,the filtering state noise covariance matrix,and the processing method of satellite-borne data based on inter-satellite observations.It also proposes a semi-autonomous navigation method based on ground observation data(anchor stations),and compares the performances of automatic navigation with different layouts and numbers of anchor stations and different observation periods.The autonomous navigation performance was evaluated in a ground-simulation test system under different GNSS deployment stages and operation modes.The accuracy of orbit determination and time synchronization of GNSS were then verified in fully autonomous and semiautonomous navigation modes.The results provide an important reference for automating the navigation service of GNSS.