运用真实语料开发国际汉语教材:理论与实践

Using authentic materials to develop TCSL textbooks: Theory and practice

语料真实性是第二语言教学中长期受到关注的问题。本文梳理了关于语料真实性的讨论,提出真实性的本质特征是"交际性",指出真实语料是说话人以真实的交际目的、在真实的交际语境中、以真实的交际反应而产出的言语产品,范围既包括母语者语料,也包括二语者语料。教材编写中运用真实语料有助于调动学习者的积极性,提高交际能力和自主学习能力,更全面地学习目的语及其社区文化。此外,本文结合运用汉语谈话节目语料开发国际汉语教材的实践,从真实性出发讨论了教材定位、开发流程、编写原则与技巧等问题。通过探讨运用谈话节目语料开发教材的理论与实践问题,为国际汉语教材编写提供新的思路与方案。

Authenticity of language materials has long been a concern in second language teaching. The paper reviews the discussion on authentic materials and proposes that communicativeness is the essential feature of authenticity. It points out that authentic materials are the speech products of real communicative responses from speakers with a real communicative purpose in a real communicative context. The range of authentic materials includes the speech products of both native speakers and second language learners. Using authentic materials to develop textbooks can not only motivate learners, but also improve their communicative skills and autonomous learning abilities. It is also beneficial for learners to acquire the target language and its community culture more comprehensively. In addition, based on the practice of using Chinese talk shows to develop TCSL textbooks, this paper discusses textbook positioning, development process, and compiling principles and skills. The study provides new ideas and schemes for the compilation of TCSL textbooks through exploring the theoretical and practical issues of using talk shows to develop textbooks.