日照近岸海域春秋季虾蟹类的种类组成特征

Composition of Shrimps and crabs in the coastal waters of Rizhao during spring and autumn seasons

作者根据2012年5月和2013年11月对日照近岸海域进行的底拖网调查资料,分析了该海域虾蟹类的种类组成、优势种和生物多样性。调查海域共捕获虾蟹类25种,根据相对重要性指数计算优势种为8种,其中经济价值较高的中大型虾蟹类5种,分别为:口虾蛄(Oratosquilla oratoria)、戴氏赤虾(Meraenaeopsis dalei)、鹰爪虾(Trachypenaeus curvirostris)、日本[虫寻](Charybdis japonica)和三疣梭子蟹(Portunus trituberculatus)。分别计算了日照近岸海域春、秋季虾蟹类群落的多样性指数(H')、丰富度指数(D)和均匀度指数(J)。该海域虾蟹类群落多样性整体处在较低的水平,在生物量和丰度上经济较高的中大型虾蟹类物种占据优势。

To understand the species composition and diversity of shrimps and crabs in the coastal waters of Rizhao City,we collected the required data in the bottom trawl surveys in May 2012 and November 2013.We identified a total of 25 species of shrimps and crabs.By the IRI(Index of Relative Importance,IRI)index,Oratosquilla oratoria,Meraenaeopsis dalei,Trachypenaeus curvirostris,Charybdis japonica,and Portunus trituberculatus were ranked as the largest edible dominant species having a high commercial value in the study area.Importantly,we calculated Shannon diversity(H'),Pielou’s evenness index(J),and Margalef’s species richness diversity(D)of the shrimp and crab communities during spring and autumn seasons.The overall diversity of shrimp and crab communities in the sea area is at a lower level.Moreover,the large edible shrimps and crabs with a high commercial value offer a huge advantage in terms of biomass and abundance.