Teach back模式对中老年人口腔健康行为的影响

Effects of Teach-Back model on oral health behavior among the middle-aged and aged

目的探讨Teach back模式对中老年人口腔健康行为的影响。方法采用便利抽样法,选取2017年3月—2018年6月中山大学附属口腔医院口腔预防科就诊的150例进行口腔检查的中老年患者为调查对象,分为试验组(n=70)和对照组(n=80)。对照组给予常规口腔健康指导,试验组在对照组的基础上施加Teach back模式护理。干预6个月后,比较两组的中老年患者牙周病认知、口腔健康行为、牙周健康状态。结果干预6个月后,试验组患者日常口腔卫生习惯、牙周疾病认知及牙周疾病就医行为得分高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);试验组的简化软垢指数(DI-S)、简化牙石指数(CI-S)、牙龈指数(GI)、改良出血指数(BI)、牙周袋深度(PD)评分均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论中老年人对牙周病认知较差,需要进行护理干预,Teach back模式护理能改善中老年人日常口腔卫生习惯,提升对牙周病正确认知,改善其口腔健康行为和生活质量。

Objective To explore the effect of Teach-Back model on oral health behavior among the middle-aged and aged.Methods From March 2017 to June 2018,150 middle-aged and elderly patients undergoing oral examinations from the Department of Preventive Dentistry,Hospital of Stomatology,Sun Yat-sen University were selected as the survey subject by convenience sampling.Patients were divided into experimental group(n=70)and control group(n=80).Control group was given regular oral health guidance,and experimental group implemented Teach-Back nursing care on the basis of control group.After 6 months of intervention,we compared the cognition of periodontal disease,oral health behavior,and periodontal health status of middle-aged and elderly patients between two groups.Results After 6 months of intervention,the scores of daily oral hygiene habits,periodontal disease cognition and periodontal disease treatment behavior of experimental group were higher than those of control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The Debris Index-Simplified(DI-S),Calculus Index-Simplified(CI-S),Gingival Index(GI),Bleeing Index(BI)and Depth of Periodontal Pocket(PD)of experimental group were lower than those of control group with statistical differences(P<0.05).Conclusions Middle-aged and elderly people have poor periodontal disease cognition and need nursing intervention.Teach-Back model can improve the daily oral hygiene habits of middle-aged and elderly patients,improve their correct understanding of periodontal disease,and improve their oral health behavior and quality of life.