黄精丸防治阿尔茨海默病的可行性探析及研究进展

Feasibility Analysis and Study Progress of Effect of Huangjingwan in Prevention and Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease

阿尔茨海默病(AD)是导致患者进行性记忆认知功能减退及行为障碍等的神经退行性疾病,严重威胁着广大中老年人的健康,中医认为其根本病机为肾精亏虚和血瘀络滞。近年来研究显示,中医药以多靶点作用机制防治AD具有明显的价值与优势,故从中医复方中筛选有效抗AD药物具有显著意义。黄精丸又称九转黄精丸,具有补肾填精、活血化瘀等功效,具有潜在防治AD作用。本文从中医理论角度对黄精丸防治AD的可行性进行探讨分析,并从药理机制角度对其防治AD的研究成果进行总结及作用机制进行综合分析。分析结论得出黄精丸具有抗AD作用的中医理论可行性;总结相关研究成果得出黄精丸具有抗氧化、抗炎、降低脑内氧化应激水平,激活脑内Wnt/β-连环蛋白(β-catenin)信号转导,调控糖原合成酶激酶3β(GSK-3β),蛋白磷酸酶2A(PP2A)等酶活性平衡,降低脑内淀粉样蛋白(Aβ)含量及减轻tau蛋白过磷酸化等多靶点作用,进而有效改善神经功能症状、提高学习记忆能力,发挥抗AD的神经保护功能,这可为该方抗AD的深入研究与临床应用提供新思路。

Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is a neurodegenerative disease that leads to progressive memory and cognitive impairment and behavioral disorders,which has seriously threatened the health of the majority of middle-aged and elderly people. Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)believes that the basic pathogenesis of AD is deficiency of kidney-essence,blood stasis and meridian stagnation. In recent years,many studies have shown that TCM has obvious value and advantages in the prevention and treatment of AD by multi-target mechanism.Therefore,it is of great significance to screen out effective anti-AD drugs from TCM compound prescriptions.Huangjingwan,also known as Jiuzhuan Huangjingwan,has the effects in tonifying kidney-essence,activating blood and removing stasis, with a potential effect in preventing AD. In this article, the feasibility of Huangjingwan in the prevention and treatment of AD was analyzed and discussed from the perspective of TCM theory,the study results of Huangjingwan in the prevention and treatment of AD were summarized,and the mechanism of its action was analyzed from the perspective of pharmacological mechanism. Based on TCM theory,Huangjingwan has the effect of anti-AD. According to relevant findings,Huangjingwan has many targets,such as anti-oxidation,anti-inflammatory,decrease of the level of oxidative stress in brain,activation of Wnt/β-catenin signal transduction in brain,regulation of glycogen synthase kinase-3β(GSK-3β),protein phosphatase 2 A(PP2 A) activity balance, reduction of amyloid β (Aβ) content and tau protein hyperphosphorylation in brain,so as to exert effects in improving neurological symptoms and increasing learning and memory ability,with an anti-AD neuroprotective function. This will provide new ideas for in-depth studies and clinical applications of Huangjingwan against AD.