池塘循环流水养殖模式(IPA)应用现状及发展潜力

Intensive Pond Aquaculture: Current Application Situation and Development Potential

为了进一步推进中国池塘养殖模式的转型升级,大力发展环境友好型养殖模式,本文归纳了中国淡水鱼养殖业发展现状,总结了近年中国池塘循环流水养殖模式(IPA)的示范应用情况,分析了IPA系统的组成及其优势,指出了该模式在不同养殖品种应用过程中存在的问题及工艺缺陷,提出了优化方案和建议。笔者认为该模式适合规模化经营,可降低管理成本提升养殖效益,在推广应用时应根据养殖品种特性对IPA系统组件和养殖工艺进行调整和再创新,以便于适应不同名特优品种的需求。由于IPA模式具有节水、生态、高效、环保等优势,符合中国水产养殖的未来发展要求,因此,在中国淡水养殖产业中具有广阔的应用前景和发展空间。

To promote the transformation and upgrading of pond aquaculture model in China, and to develop environmental-friendly farming model, this paper summarizes the development of China’s freshwater aquaculture industry, sums up the present application demonstration of Intensive Pond Aquaculture(IPA) in China, analyzes the composition and advantage of IPA system, points out the problems and process defects in the application of IPA in aquaculture of different fish species, puts forward the optimization scheme and suggestions. The authors think that IPA is suitable for enterprise management, which can reduce management investment and improve aquaculture efficiency. In the application of IPA, system optimization and process innovation should be carried out according to the biological habits of fishes, in order to adapt to the needs of famous and excellent fish species. Due to the advantages of water saving, ecology, high efficiency and environmental protection, IPA could meet the future development requirements of aquaculture, and has a broad application prospect and development space in China’s freshwater aquaculture industry.