小檗碱抗肿瘤作用机制的研究进展

Research progress on anti-tumor effect of berberine

恶性肿瘤是人类面临的共同难题,同时也给全世界带来了巨大的经济负担。在通常情况下抑制单个信号通路或单个基因的产物不足以实现对恶性肿瘤的预防或治疗,但也不排除少数作用于单一靶点却能起到良好肿瘤治疗作用的药物如免疫检查点抑制剂。虽然如此,目前用于癌症治疗的药物仍然大多只针对单一靶点产生生物学效应。中药在抗肿瘤的方面具有多途径、多靶点、多通路以及多效应的优势。小檗碱为黄连Coptis chinensis中的一种异喹啉类生物碱,能够通过抑制肿瘤细胞增殖、促进肿瘤细胞凋亡、阻滞细胞周期、抑制肿瘤细胞迁移和侵袭、诱导肿瘤细胞自噬、抗炎抗氧化以及免疫调节等方面产生抗肿瘤作用。与化学制剂相比,其来源广泛,安全易得,在预防和治疗相关癌症方面具有较大的挖掘潜力。对小檗碱的抗肿瘤作用机制进行综述,以期为其抗肿瘤研究提供一定的思路和理论依据。

Malignant tumor,a common problem faced by human beings,which is a serious public economic burden to the world.Generally,inhibition of a single signaling pathway or one single product of a gene is insufficient for the prevention and treatment of malignant tumors,but a few agents such as immune checkpoint inhibitor that can also play an excellent role in tumor treatment.However,at present,most of the drugs used in cancer treatment are only aimed at a single target to produce biological effects.The anti-tumor activity and mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine have the advantages of multi-path,multi-target,multi-pathway and multi-effect.Berberine,as an isoquinoline alkaloid of Coptis chinensis,can produce anti-tumor effects via inhibiting tumor cell proliferation,promoting apoptosis of tumor cells,blocking cell cycle,inhibiting tumor cell migration and invasion,inducin g autophagy of tumor cells,anti-inflammatory,antioxidant,and immunomodulatory and so on.Compared with chemical agents,it has an extensive range of sources,safe and easy to obtain,which has great potential in the prevention and treatment of rela ted cancers.The anti-tumor effect and mechanism of berberine were reviewed in this paper,in order to provide some ideas and theoretical basis for its anti-tumor research.