空间正义与绿色社会工作介入:四川雅安灾后参与式社区设计的行动研究

Spatial Justice and Green Social Work:a Participatory Action Research in Post-disaster Community Reconstruction in Ya'an of Sichuan

2013年四川芦山地震给当地带来人员伤亡和重大损失。本文项目团队的介入点名为T村,是四川雅安S镇的一个古老村落。由于大多数年轻劳动力都去城市务工,这个古老的社区逐渐破败。它的传统文化、传统建筑、传统习俗、传统技艺与智慧日渐凋敝。单凭社会工作的力量在灾后重建过程中无法满足社区多元化的需求,尤其是在环境和地理空间方面。在这个跨学科的行动研究项目中,社会工作与建筑设计专业联手探索出一种另类的灾后社区重建模式,这种模式致力于利用在地文化资源,凝聚民众,发展新的合作组织,改善地震灾后民众的福祉,从而实现灾后乡村长期可持续地发展。本文论述了绿色社会工作和空间正义的关系,指出空间也是社会工作介入的重要领域;本文还详细介绍了跨学科研究团队与在地村民共同打造社区厨房的案例,展示了参与式社区设计的过程,阐释了绿色社会工作的内涵与跨学科灾后社区重建的实践方法。

On 20 April 2013,a 7.0-magnitude earthquake hit Lushan county of Ya'an City,Sichuan Province,China.Although the damage of Lushan earthquake is less than the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake,still 196 people were killed,21 were missing and 11,826 were injured.The research team chose T Village(fictitious name),an old village in S township,as an intervention site.As most young adults went to work in the city,the old community became deprived and its traditional culture,architecture,custom,skill and wisdom were dying.Social workers were unable to fully meet community's multiple needs,especially those associated with environmental and physical spaces.A transdisciplinary action research team was formed by social workers and architectural designer for exploring an alternative model of post-disaster community building,aiming to enhance the quality of life of left behind people in this disaster-affected community.In this project,the research team facilitated the formation of a community kitchen project that enabled villagers to create a new building and co-operative organizations for the village's long-term sustainable development.This paper presents the participatory design process,contribution of green social work and transdisciplinary interventions in post-disaster community reconstruction.