妊娠糖尿病产妇不同护理模式的研究现状

Research status of different nursing modes for pregnant women with diabetes during pregnancy

妊娠糖尿病孕产容易并发多种并发症,产妇容易产生多种不良情绪,影响妊娠结局及生活质量。当前临床护理模式多种多样,护理方法不规范,导致孕妇无法有效控制血糖,不良妊娠结局发生率逐年攀升。本研究综述近年来妊娠糖尿病患者不同护理模式的临床应用效果,发现目前主要有优质护理、个体化护理、强化护理、围生期护理、社区护理、“三位一体”无缝护理、模型护理、基于保护动机理论的护理、临床护理路径和系统护理,其中模型护理又包含信息-动机-行为模型护理、知信行模型护理和健康行动过程取向理论模型护理,无论何种护理模式均从改善患者血糖、减少并发症、提高疾病认知、提高护理满意度、提高治疗依从性等角度入手,临床应用效果均较好,可有效保障母婴健康。

Gestational diabetes mellitus is prone to cause a variety of complications for pregnant women.Maternal women are prone to a variety of adverse emotions,affecting pregnancy outcomes and quality of life.The current clinical care models are diverse,and the care methods are not standardized,resulting in pregnant women unable to effectively control blood sugar,and the incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes is increasing year by year.This study summarizes the clinical application effects of different nursing models of gestational diabetes mellitus patients in recent years and finds that there were currently high-quality nursing,individualized nursing,intensive nursing,perinatal nursing,community nursing,"trinity"seamless nursing,model nursing,and protection motivation theory nursing,clinical nursing path and systematic nursing,in which model nursing also includes information-motivation-behavior model nursing,knowledge-believing model nursing and health action process orientation theory model nursing,no matter what kind of nursing model was to improve patients'blood sugar and reduce complications,improve disease awareness,improve nursing satisfaction,improve treatment compliance and other perspectives,clinical application results were good,can effectively protect the health of mothers and infants.