记忆、认同与文学传衍:南明入台遗民的文学书写

Memory,Identity and Literary Transmission:The Literary Writing of the Adherents of Nanming Dynasty in Taiwan

文章从记忆和认同的视角,对南明入台遗民忠贞不渝的家国思想和书写传承进行论述,探究入台遗民如何借助忠义典范和两岸地景书写,唤起他们对大明王朝的记忆,寻求遗民的身份归属。他们在漂泊离散的被弃置感中,借助忠义典范获取东征抗清的精神支撑,又通过重构大明王朝的家乡情景,形成共同的记忆经验,巩固遗民的身份认同意识。即使抗清之势成为强弩之末,他们仍坚持遗民的操守,以力透纸背的书写,体现遗民志士坚毅不屈的文化立场,实现了遗民精神的境外传播。两岸后学在凭吊、追忆入台遗老的“胜地”景观中,建构了“圣地”的形象,形成薪火相传的文学记忆链。

From the perspective of memory and identity,this paper discusses the patriotism and literary transmission of the adherents of Nanming Dynasty in Taiwan.The paper also probes into how the adherents in Taiwan used the model of loyalty and righteousness and the landscape writing on both sides of the Taiwan Straits to arouse their memory of the Ming Dynasty and seek for their identity.They obtained the spiritual support from the model of loyalty and righteousness,and formed the common memory experience by reconstructing the hometown scene of the Ming Dynasty so as to consolidate the identity of the adherents.Even when the war against the Qing Dynasty lost,the adherents still adhered to their integrity,used their powerful writing to reflect their cultural stand,and realized the overseas spread of the adherents'spirit.The cross-strait young scholars constructed the image of“Holy Land”and formed the chain of literary memory passed from generation to generation.