压剪复合型弹性车轮轮轨接触关系研究

Study on Wheel-rail Contact Relations of Press-shear Resilient Wheel

为分析压剪复合型弹性车轮轮毂与轮芯之间橡胶元件对轮轨接触关系的影响,基于Abaqus仿真软件建立弹性车轮轮轨接触应力分析有限元模型,建立分别采用弹性车轮和刚性车轮的车辆动力学模型,分析直线和曲线上橡胶元件变形及对轮轨接触位置分布的影响。结果表明:弹性车轮轮轨接触面积较刚性车轮轮轨接触面积增加16.87%,最大接触压力降低了3.54%,轮轨最大Mises等效应力降低4.50%。直线工况下弹性车轮橡胶元件变形对轮轨接触位置分布几乎没有影响。曲线工况下橡胶元件的轴向刚度和偏转刚度对轮轨接触关系影响较大。为了避免异常轮轨磨耗,建议轴向刚度取值20~40 MN/m,偏转刚度取值在1.5 MN·m/rad以上。

In order to analyze the effect of the rubber components between the wheel hub and the wheel core of press-shear resilient wheel on wheel-rail contact relations, a finite element model of wheel-rail contact stress of resilient wheel was established, based on Abaqus simulation software. The vehicle dynamic model with elastic wheels and rigid wheels was established. An analysis was made on the deformation of elastic rubber element on straight line and curve and its influence on wheel rail contact position distribution. The results indicate that wheel-rail contact area of the elastic wheel is increased by 16.87% compared with that of the rigid wheel, with the maximum contact pressure reduced by 3.54%, and the maximum Mises equivalent stress reduced by 4.50%. The deformation of rubber components of resilient wheel causes little impact on wheel-rail contact relation in straight line. In curve line, the axial and deflection stiffness of rubber components leads to greater effect on wheel-rail contact relations. In order to avoid the severe wheelrail wear, the axial stiffness is suggested to be between 20-40 MN/m, and the deflection stiffness is suggested to be above 1.5 MN·m/rad.