天然橡胶复合材料的制备与性能研究

Study on the Preparation and Properties of the Natural Rubber Composite

为探讨不同相容剂对NR/NBR共混胶性能的影响,采用对比试验的方式,以天然橡胶NR/丁腈橡胶NBR共混胶作为基体,以环氧化天然橡胶(ENR-25)、乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物(EVA)、氯丁橡胶(CR)作为相容剂,制备NR/NBR天然橡胶复合材料,然后对制备的NR/NBR共混胶的硫化特性、物理机械性能以及阻尼性能进行对比分析。结果表明,在选取的四种代表性相容剂中,ENR-25对NR/NBR共混的焦烧时间、硫化时间分别提高2.48%和2.67%,低于EVA和CR,表现出较高的安全性和较低能耗;在物理机械性能指标拉伸强度方面,掺入ENR-25后制备的共混胶拉伸强度为25.5MPa,拉断伸长率达到682%,变形低,展现出良好的力学性能;在胶的动态热机械性能tanδ方面,NR的tanδ减小,而NBR的tanδ增大,与EVA、CR相比,表现出良好的相容性能。根据以上实验得出,ENR-25可有效地改善共混胶的加工性能和工程应用性能。

In order to study the effect of different compatibilizers on the properties of NR/NBR blends, the NR/NBR blends are used as the ma-trix, the ENR-25, EVA and CR are used as the compatibilizers to prepare NR/NBR composites, and then the vulcanization characteristics, physical and mechanical performances and damping properties of the NR/NBR composites are compared and analyzed. The results show that the ENR-25 will increase the scorch time and vulcanization time of the NR/NBR blends by 2.48% and 2.67% respectively, which are lower than the EVA and CR does, therefore it exhibits a higher safety and a lower energy consumption. The tensile strength of NR/NBR blends prepared doped with the ENR-25 is 25.5 MPa, the elongation at break is 682%, the comprehensive deformation is low, which shows the good mechanical properties;the tan δ of NR decreases, while the tanδ of NBR increases, which shows a better compatibility compared with the EVA and CR does. According to the above experi-ments, it is conclude that the ENR-25 can effectively improve the processing performance and engineering application performance of the NR/NBR blends.