《汉书》“辞赋大者与古诗同义,小者辩丽可喜”探微

Study of Synonymous with Ancient Poetry and Magnificent Feature of Ci Fu in Han Shu

汉宣帝提出了"辞赋大者与古诗同义,小者辩丽可喜"的汉赋观。"辞赋"概念的采用主要基于"辞"名与"赋"名不分及秉承屈骚传统。采用"大""小"言赋,则是受到传统大小言说方式的影响及源于汉赋创作实践的总结。大赋与古诗同义,其"义"主要包括:一是"仁义讽谕";二是"观鸟兽草木名"。小赋具有辩丽特点,尤其是"丽"的审美观念在汉赋谋篇布局,以及物象与图景的呈现中得以体现,并且对汉代赋论产生影响。

Xuan Emperor of the Han Dynasty proposed synonymous with ancient poetry and magnificent feature of Ci Fu.The adoption of the concept of"Ci Fu"is mainly based on the irrelevance of the name of"ci"and"fu"and the tradition of Qu Sao.The influence of traditional ways of speaking and the summary of the creation practice of Han Fu are the main reasons for using Da and Xiao editorializing Fu.Da Fu is synonymous with ancient poetry,including righteousness and allegoric,knowing the names of birds,animals and plants.Xiao Fu has the characteristics of defensive and beautiful,especially the aesthetic concept of"li"is reflected in the layout of the Han Fu and the presentation of objects and scenes,and has an impact on the Han Fu theory.