植物粉剂对肉鸡生长性能、肠道菌群数量和肌肉脂肪酸的影响

Effects of plant powders on growth performance,intestinal microflora andmuscle fatty acids of broilers

文章旨在评估植物粉剂(大蒜粉和石莲花粉)对1~42d肉鸡生长性能、肠道菌群和肌肉脂肪酸组成的影响。试验选择平均初始体重为(48.33±0.47)g的1日龄商品肉仔鸡640只,随机分为4组,每组5个重复,每个重复32只。对照组饲喂基础日粮,药物组肉鸡饲喂基础日粮,但通过饮水补充2mg/L维吉尼亚霉素水溶剂,大蒜粉组肉鸡饲喂基础日粮+10mg/kg大蒜粉,石莲花粉组肉鸡饲喂基础日粮+10mg/kg石莲花粉。试验共进行42d。结果:药物组及植物粉剂组肉鸡在21和42d时的体重均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),同时对照组肉鸡在22~42d和1~42d时的日增重和采食量显著低于处理组(P<0.05),与药物组相比,大蒜粉组肉鸡1~21d和1~42d的料重比显著提高3.33%和1.72%(P<0.05)。对照组小肠大肠杆菌数量较药物组、大蒜粉组和石莲花粉组显著提高37.19%、34.60%和35.76%(P<0.05),处理组肉鸡小肠乳酸菌数量较对照组显著提高13.15%、14.16%和15.32%(P<0.05)。石莲花粉组胸肌C18:3脂肪酸含量较对照组、药物组和大蒜粉组分别显著提高了63.46%、88.89%和57.41%(P<0.05),同时药物组n-6与n-3脂肪酸比例较石莲花粉组显著提高32.44%(P<0.05)。结论:在本试验条件下,1~42d肉鸡日粮中添加大蒜粉和石莲花粉可以改善生长性能,同时降低小肠大肠杆菌数量、增加小肠乳酸菌数量。

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of plant powders(garlic powder and horse leek powder)on growth performance,intestinal flora,and muscle fatty acid composition of 1~42d broiler chickens.A total of 6401~d commercial broilers with an average initial weight of(48.33±0.47)g were selected and randomly divided into 4 groups with 5 replicates in each group and 32 in each replicate.The control group was fed a basic diet,the broilers in the drug group were fed a basic diet,but were supplemented with 2 mg/L virginiamycin aqueous solution by drinking water,the broilers in the garlic powder group were fed a basic diet+10 mg/kg garlic powder,and the broilers in the horse leek powder group were fed a basic diet+10 mg/kg horse leek powder.The experiment was conducted for 42 days.Results:the drug group and plant powder chicken at 21 and 42 d weight were significantly higher than that of control group(P<0.05),while the control group chicken in 22~42,1~42 d of daily gain and feed intake were significantly lower than treatment group(P<0.05),than the drug groups garlic chicken powder group 1~21 d and 1~42 d material weight significantly higher than the 3.33%and 1.72%(P<0.05).The number of small intestine Escherichia coli in the control group was increased by 37.19%,34.60%and 35.76%compared with that in the drug group,garlic powder group and horse leek powder group(P<0.05),and the number of small intestine Lactobacillus in broiler in the treatment groups were significantly increased by 13.15%,14.16%and 15.32%compared with that in the control group(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the drug group and garlic powder group,the content of c18.3 fatty acids in pectoris muscle was significantly increased by 63.46%,88.89%and 57.41%,respectively(P<0.05),and the proportion of N-6 and N-3 fatty acids in the drug group was significantly increased by 32.44%compared with the drug group(P<0.05).Conclusion:In this study,adding garlic powder and horse leek powder to the diet of broiler chickens for 1~42 days can improve the growth performance,reduce the number of enteric Escherichia coli and increase the number of enteric Lactobacillus.