火工药剂低气压环境下的作用效应及规律

Effect and Firing Rule of Initiating Explosive in Low Pressure Environment

火工药剂真空条件下的反应特性对研究宇航火工品空间低气压环境适应性具有重要指导意义。为了分析典型火工药剂在真空条件下的发火作用规律,利用自行搭建的火工品低气压发火测试系统,通过高速照相、电测、光测技术,进行了以斯蒂芬酸铅(LTNR)、硅系点火药(Si-Pb _(3)O_( 4))为装药的桥丝式电极塞在10 Pa,50~100 Pa,450 Pa,2×10^(3) Pa,4.5×10^(3)~5.0×10^(3) Pa,10^(4) Pa和10^(5) Pa等气压条件下的发火性能和火焰状态测试,结果表明两种火工部件低气压下反应行为差异较大;低气压条件下,由于没有氧气参与单质火工药剂LTNR的燃烧反应,火焰光强明显降低;氧化还原体系的混合火工药剂Si-Pb_(3)O_(4)反应过程中,Si粒子迸发燃烧的现象明显,火焰光强弱于常压下的反应;两种火工部件的作用时间随气压的降低而减小,低气压下的作用一致性更高。

The reaction characteristics of initiating explosive in vacuum are of great significance to the study of space low pressure adaptability of space initiator.In order to analyze the initiating behavior of typical pyrotechnics under vacuum conditions,a self-built low-pressure ignition test system for pyrotechnics is used to test the flame condition and initiating performance of welded bridge electrode plugs with lead styphnate(LTNR)and silicon ignition powder(Si-Pb_(3)O_(4))at 10 Pa,50-100 Pa,450 Pa,2×10^(3) Pa,4.5×10^(3)-5.0×10^(3) Pa,1×10^(4) Pa and 1×10^(5) Pa through high-speed photography,electrical measurement and photometric techniques.The results show that the reactivities of two kinds of electrode plugs are quite different at low pressure.Because there is no oxygen to participate in the combustion reaction of single initiating explosive LTNR,the flame light intensity is obviously reduced at low pressure.While in the reaction process of mixed initiating explosive Si-Pb_(3)O_(4) in redox system,the combustion of silicon particles is obvious.The flame light intensity is weaker than the reaction at atmospheric pressure.The function time of the two kinds electrode plugs decreases with decreasing air pressure,and the effect at lower pressure is more consistent.