风险自负原则在我国学校体育伤害中的合理适用

Reasonable Application of the Principle of Risk-taking at School Sports Injuries in China

作为一项重要的减免责事由,风险自负原则更适应体育活动的特点,适合解决体育运动伤害归责问题。当前,我国学校体育伤害面临着过失认定不明、责任划分不清、公平原则过度适用等问题,以风险自负解决学校体育纠纷,具有特别意义。在学校体育伤害中正确适用风险自负原则,需分清固有风险的范围,明确各方责任,采用以客观标准为准则、辅之主观标准的过失认定方法,并将公平责任类型化,进而平衡学校、家长、学生三方的权益。

As an important source of liability relief,the principle of risk-taking is more adapted to the characteristics of sports activities.At present,China's school sports injury is faced with the difficulties of uncertainty of negligence and unclear division of responsibility,and it is of special significance to solve school sports disputes.The correct application of the principle of risk-takingin school sports injury needs to distinguish the scope of inherent risks,clarify the responsibilities of all parties,and adopt the negligencedetermination criteria of objective criteria,supplemented by subjective criteria,so as to balance the rights and interests of schools,parents and students.