生态治理“简约化”的实践与反思

Practice and Reflection on “Simplification” of Ecological Governance

在生态文明建设过程中,以河长制为典型的分层级行政责任制的自然资源治理方式成为典型方式,并且在其他自然资源领域也开始实施,呈现出一种“简约化”治理的特征。从自然资源产权角度比较河长制与林长制的实施,认为不同的自然资源因其产权结构的差异,在治理机制的适用上往往会有不同,简单借鉴河长制形式来治理森林资源会出现“空制度化”的现象。在此基础上,认为应重视自然资源的产权复杂性,实施多元的国家、市场、社区治理机制。

In the process of the ecological civilization construction,the hierarchical administrative responsibility system,which is typical of river chief system,has become the most important way,and has been implemented in other fields of natural resources,showing a characteristic of“simplified governance”.From the perspective of natural resources property rights,this paper compares the implementation of river chief system and the forest chief system,and then suggests that because of the difference in the property rights structure,different natural resources tend to differ in the governance mechanism.Therefore,the simplified governance can lead to the phenomenon of“empty system”.On this basis,this paper proposes the implementation of a multiple governance mechanism of combined state,market,and community.