土壤调理剂对陕北盐碱地土体化学性质及水稻生长的影响

Effects of Soil Conditioner on Chemical Properties of Saline Alkali Soil and Rice Growth in Northern Shaanxi Provcine

[目的]研究不同土壤调理剂使用量对陕北盐碱地土壤化学性质及水稻生长的影响,为该区盐碱地改良和水稻种植提供科学参考。[方法]以陕北定边县盐碱地水稻为研究对象,设置不同的土壤调理剂施用量(1000,1500,2000 kg/hm^(2)),在陕北地区开展田间试验。[结果]①随着土壤调理剂的用量增加,各处理0-40 cm土壤pH值和水溶性盐总量明显降低,各处理较对照降低范围分别为0.89%~5.02%和6.78%~13.56%。②添加土壤调理剂后土壤有机质含量显著提高,但全氮、有效磷和速效钾含量变化不明显。③土壤调理剂添加量为1500,2000 kg/hm^(2)时,能较为显著提升水稻分蘖数和水稻株高。④土壤调理剂施加量为1000~2000 kg/hm^(2),水稻产量较对照提高了5.49%~24.77%,土壤调理剂施用量大于1500 kg/hm^(2)时,可以显著增加水稻产量。[结论]陕北定边盐碱地种植水稻,综合考虑水稻产量和效益,土壤调理剂的参考适宜添加量确定为1500 kg/hm^(2)。

[Objective]The effects of different amount of soil conditioner on soil chemical properties and rice growth in saline alkali soil were studied in order to provide reference for saline alkali soil improvement and rice planting in Northern Shaanxi Province.[Methods]Taking rice in saline alkali soil of Dingbian County in Northern Shaanxi Province as the research object,the field experiment was carried out with different soil conditioner application rates(1000,1500,2000 kg/hm^(2)).[Results]①With the increase of soil conditioner dosage,the pH value and total water soluble salt content of 0-40 cm soil in each treatment were decreased significantly,and the reduction range of each treatment was 0.89%~5.02%and 6.78%~13.56%,respectively.②After adding soil conditioner,the content of soil organic matter increased significantly,while there was no significant change in the content of total nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium.③When the amount of soil conditioner was 1500 kg/hm^(2) and 2000 kg/hm^(2),the tiller number and plant height of rice were significantly increased.④When the application amount of soil conditioner was 1000~2000 kg/hm^(2),the rice yield was increased by 5.49%~24.77%compared with control group.[Conclusion]Considering the yield and benefit of rice,the suitable rate of soil conditioner is 1500 kg/hm^(2) for rice planting.