河北省山区降雨侵蚀力的时空变化特征

Temporal and Spatial Variation Characteristics of Rainfall Erosion in Mountainous Areas of Hebei Province

[目的]探究河北省山区降雨侵蚀力时空变化特征,为该区水土流失治理措施的制定和实施提供科学依据。[方法]应用时间变化分析和空间分布分析对河北省山区2000—2018年降雨侵蚀力进行分析。[结果]时间趋势中燕山山区年降雨侵蚀力呈波动上升趋势,主周期为11 a,在2009年发生突变,春、秋两季呈波动下降趋势,主周期分别为8和11 a,春季无突变点,秋季在2001年发生突变,夏季呈波动波动上升趋势,9 a为主周期,在2010年发生突变;太行山区年降雨侵蚀力呈波动下降趋势,主周期为6 a,无突变点,夏、秋两季呈波动上升趋势,主周期分别为8和10 a,均无突变点,春季呈波动下降趋势,主周期为8 a,在2006年发生突变;空间分布中,年均降雨侵蚀力范围为1 063.39~5 127.44 MJ·mm/(hm^(2)·h),燕山山区由西到东年及夏季平均降雨侵蚀力先增长后降低再增长,太行山区中由南向北年、夏季平均降雨侵蚀力逐渐降低,春、秋两季降雨侵蚀力分布规律较为多变。[结论]通过对河北省山区降雨侵蚀力的分析,得出河北省山区夏季水土流失最为严重,燕山山区部分地区尤为突出。

[Objective] The temporal and spatial variation characteristics of rainfall erosivity in mountainous areas of Hebei Province were studied in order to provide a scientific basis for the formulation and implementation of soil erosion control measures in this area. [Methods] The rainfall erosivity in mountainous areas of Hebei Province from 2000 to 2018 was analyzed by using temporal variation analysis and spatial distribution analysis. [Results] At the temporal scale, the annual rainfall erosivity of Yanshan Mountain showed a fluctuating upward trend, with a main period of 11 years, and a sudden change occurred in 2009. The spring and autumn showed a fluctuating downward trend. The main periods were 8 and 11 years, respectively. Abrupt changes occurred in the autumn in 2001, and the summer showed an upward trend of fluctuations. The main cycle was 9 years, and the sudden change occurred in 2010. The annual rainfall erosivity of the Taihang Mountains showed a fluctuating downward trend, with the main cycle of being 6 years and no sudden changes. The summer and autumn showed a fluctuating upward trend, the main periods were 8 and 10 years, respectively, and there were no mutation points. The spring showed a downward trend of fluctuations, the main period was 8 years, and a sudden change occurred in 2006. At the spatial scale, the average annual rainfall erosivity range was 1 063.39~5 127.44 MJ·mm/(hm^(2)·h). Average annual and summer rainfall erosivity increased first, then decreased, then increased from west to east in the Yanshan Mountain area, and gradually decreased from south to north in the Taihang Mountain area. The distribution of rainfall erosivity in the two seasons was relatively variable. [Conclusion] Through the analysis of rainfall erosivity in mountainous areas of Hebei Province, it is concluded that summer soil erosion is the most serious, especially in some areas of Yanshan mountainous area.