人参根和根茎中新的聚乙炔类化学成分

New polyacetylenes from roots and rhizomes of Panax ginseng

目的研究人参Panax ginseng根和根茎的聚乙炔类化学成分。方法采用硅胶、反相HPLC等柱色谱方法进行分离纯化,通过红外、紫外、质谱、核磁共振等谱学数据鉴定化合物的结构。结果从人参根和根茎的95%乙醇水提取物中分离得到17个聚乙炔类化合物,分别鉴定为人参炔K(1)、人参炔醇(2)、(9Z)-1-甲氧基-9-十七碳烯-4,6-二炔-3-酮(3)、竹节参炔A(4)、(3R,9R,10R)-人参炔三醇(5)、10-甲氧基十七碳-1,16-二烯-4,6-二炔-3,9-二醇(6)、人参炔A(7)、10-甲氧基十七碳-1-烯-4,6-二炔-3,9-二醇(8)、西洋参炔醇7(9)、9,10-环氧-16-十七碳烯-4,6-二炔-3-醇(10)、人参环氧炔醇(11)、人参炔D(12)、西洋参炔醇4(13)、1-甲氧基-(9R,10S)-环氧十七碳-4,6-二炔-3-酮(14)、人参炔E(15)、人参炔二醇(16)和人参炔(17)。结论化合物6和10为新化合物,分别命名为人参炔三醇甲醚(panaxytriol methyl ether)和人参环氧烯炔醇(panaxenydol);化合物4、9和13为首次从人参根和根茎中分离得到。

Objective To study polyacetylenes in the roots and rhizomes of Panax ginseng.Methods Polyacetylenes were separated and purified by repeated column chromatographies on normal and reversed phase silica gels,respectively.Their chemical structures were determined by spectral data analyses of IR,UV,MS and NMR.Results Seventeen compounds were isolated from 95%ethanolic alcohol aqueous extract of the roots and rhizomes of P.ginseng and identified as ginsenoyne K(1),panaxynol(2),(9 Z)-1-methoxy-9-heptadecaen-4,6-diyne-3-one(3),panaxjapyne A(4),(3 R,9 R,10 R)-panaxytriol(5),10-methoxyheptadeca-1,16-diene-4,6-diyne-3,9-diol(6),ginsenoyne A(7),10-methoxyheptadeca-1-ene-4,6-diyne-3,9-diol(8),panaquinquecol 7(9),9,10-epoxy-16-heptadecaene-4,6-diyn-3-ol(10),panaxydol(11),ginsenoyne D(12),panaquinquecol 4(13),1-methoxy-(9 R,10 S)-epoxyheptadecan-4,6-diyn-3-one(14),ginsenoyne E(15),panaxydiol(16)and panaxyne(17),respectively.Conclusion Compounds 6 and 10 are the new ones,which were given the trivial name as panaxytriol methyl ether and panaxenydol,respectively.Compounds 4,9 and 13 are isolated from the roots and rhizomes of P.ginseng for the first time.