个性化肠内营养干预在神经外科危重症患者中的应用研究

Application of individualized enteral nutrition intervention in critical patients of neurosurgery

目的探讨个性化肠内营养干预在神经外科危重症患者中的应用效果。方法本研究为前瞻性试验性研究,采用便利抽样法选取2018年5月-2019年5月在中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第901医院神经外科收治的危重症患者共计102名作为研究对象,按随机数字表法将其分为试验组和对照组,每组各51例患者,两组患者均给予常规护理措施,在此基础上,试验组采用个性化肠内营养干预措施,对照组采用一般肠内营养干预措施,比较两组患者各项营养指标的高低、肠内营养并发症的发生情况,以及住院天数、住院费用之间的差异。结果两组患者一般资料比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),干预后,试验组各项营养指标(血清白蛋白、血清前白蛋白、淋巴细胞计数)均明显优于对照组,并发症的发生情况(胃潴留、腹胀、腹泻、呕吐、上消化道出血、误吸、肺部感染)均明显少于对照组,且试验组的住院时间明显缩短,住院费用明显减少,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论个性化肠内营养干预能有效改善神经外科危重症患者营养状态,降低并发症发生率,并缩短患者住院时间,减少患者住院费用,对神经外科危重症患者的预后有积极影响,建议临床推广使用。

Objective To explore the effect of individualized enteral nutrition intervention in crtically ill patients in neurosurgery.Methods This study was a prospective experimental study.A total of 102 critically ill patients admitted to our neurosurgery department from May 2018 to May 2019 were selected by convenience sampling method.They were divided into experimental group and conlrol group according to random nurrber table method.51 patients in each group were given routine nursing measures.On this basis,individualized enteral nutrition intervention measures were adopted in the experimental group and general enteral nutri tion intervention measures were used in the control group.The nutri-tional indicators,complications of enteral nutrition,hospitalization days and hospitalization expenses of the two groups were compared.Results There was no significant difference in general data between the two groups(P>0.05).After the intervention,the nutritional indicators(serun albumin,serum prealbumin,lymphocyte count)in the experimental group were significantly better than those in the control group,and the incidence of complications(gastric relention,ab-dominal distention,diarrhea,vomiting,upper gastrointestinal tract Hernorrhage,aspiration and pulmonary infection)were significantly less than those in the control group,and the length of hospitalization in the experimental group was significantly shortened,the cost of hospitalization was significanly reduced,the diferences were statistically signifi-cant(P<0.05).Conclusion Individualized enteral nutrition intervention can effectively improve the nutritional status of critically ill patients in neurosurgery,reduce the incidence of complications,shorten hospitalization time,reduce hospi-talization costs,and have a positive impact on the prognosis of critically ill patients in neurosurgery.It is recommended that clinical application be promoted.