五一广场东汉简所见“史白开”类简考释——兼谈东汉文书签收的几个特点

Textual Research on the Shibaikai(史白开)Type of Bamboo Slips on the Wuyi Square Bamboo Slips:On the Characteristics of Signing Document in the Eastern Han Dynasty

五一广场东汉简所见“史白开”类简背面的内容比较特殊,是发件方提前书写的签收记录格套,留待收件方填写。“白开”二字的含义与西北简签收记录中的“奏发”“白发”含义相同,可理解为“向上级官员报告、开封”。五一广场东汉简反映出的东汉地方公文书签收的特点,体现着秦、西汉与东汉制度的一脉相承,同时又透露出汉代文书行政中制度性规定与实际操作层面的微妙差距。

The contents on the back of bamboo slips about Shibaikai(史白开)on Wuyi bamboo slips are quite special.It is a register set written in advance by the sender and left for the receiver to fill in.The meaning of Baikai(白开)is the same as that of Zoufa(奏发)and Baifa(白发)in the record of signing in the northwest bamboo slips,which can be understood as“reporting to the superior officials and unseal”.Wuyi bamboo slips reflect the characteristics of signing for local official documents in the Eastern Han Dynasty,which shows that the systems of Qin,Western Han and Eastern Han Dynasty are in the same line.At the same time,it reveals the subtle gap between the institutional provisions and the actual operation level in the administration of documents in the Han Dynasty.