同一实验环境下炭黑燃烧催化剂活性测试及制备方法优选

Activity test and selection of carbon black combustion catalysts under identical experimental conditions

催化燃烧是最有效的炭黑消除手段之一,催化剂是其中的核心,其活性的提高对催化效果优化及成本控制有重要影响.然而目前报道的大量炭黑燃烧催化剂活性测试是基于不同实验环境进行的,其结果之间缺乏比较意义.为了筛选活性优异的催化剂,并总结出催化剂活性与物理化学性质之间的关系,同时为催化过程中氧物种原位定量观测建立基础,根据易得、环保、有应用前景等原则初选了7种方法制备MnO_(x)⁃CeO_(2)催化剂,分别测试了其活性,并从比表面积、晶格结构、表面形貌、涉氧参量和元素价态等5个角度进行综合探究.结果发现,炭黑催化燃烧活性的提升主要归因于两个因素:①形貌改变导致接触效率改善;②制备条件和低价锰离子含量改变引起涉氧参量和氧物种活化能力提升.

Catalytic combustion is one of the most efficient technologies in carbon black pollution control.Improving the activity of catalyst is essential to increase the efficiency and to decrease the cost in carbon black combustion.However,activities of catalysts reported in literature are often not comparable,because remarkably diverse experimental conditions are usually applied.This research aims to select a catalyst with the best catalytic activity and to understand the relationship between activity and physicochemical properties of the catalyst.Seven different methods,which were selected on the basis of simple synthesis procedure and promising prospect in application,were employed in the synthesis of the MnO_(x)⁃CeO_(2) catalysts.The impact of specific surface area,lattice structure,surface morphology,oxygen parameters and chemical valance on the catalytic performance of MnO_(x)⁃CeO_(2) catalysts were investigated in detail.It was found that the improvement in catalytic activity can be attributed to two main factors:the improved contact efficiency originated from the change of morphology,and the enhancement of oxygen parameters and the activating ability of oxygen species induced by the change of synthesis method and by the content of low-valence Mn ions.