HSV-1减毒株M3诱导的特异性免疫应答对HSV-2的交叉保护特征分析

Cross-protective characteristics of specific immune response induced by HSV-1 attenuated strain M3 against HSV-2 infection

目的本研究从血清学及临床保护角度探讨单纯疱疹病毒1型(herpes simplex virus type 1,HSV-1)和HSV-2免疫交叉反应的特征,以期为控制及预防这两种病毒引起的疾病提供数据资料。方法HSV-1减毒株M3免疫小鼠,检测其诱导产生以中和抗体为指征的特异性免疫应答情况。免疫28 d后分别用HSV-1野毒株和HSV-2野毒株经不同途径对小鼠进行攻击感染,观察M3免疫小鼠抵御HSV-1/2病毒感染的情况。结果HSV-1减毒株M3免疫小鼠不能诱导产生特异性的抗HSV-2中和抗体,免疫28 d后接受不同途径的HSV-2攻击,病毒载量显著增加,但未出现明显的异常临床表现,同时组织病理损伤也仅表现为较轻微的炎性反应。HSV-1减毒株M3免疫小鼠能够诱导产生特异性的抗HSV-1中和抗体,并且在HSV-1野毒攻击后表现出明显的保护效果。结论HSV-1减毒株M3免疫小鼠后所诱导的免疫应答对HSV-1野毒株感染攻击表现出以中和抗体为特征的、可限制病毒在体内增殖的免疫保护作用,然而对HSV-2野毒株攻击则表现出不以抗体形式中和病毒而是以控制病毒的增长为主要模式的临床交叉免疫保护能力。

Objective To analyze the characteristics of immune cross-reaction between herpes simplex virus type 1(HSV-1)and HSV-2 in terms of serology and clinical protection aiming to provide data for the control and prevention of diseases caused by the two viruses.Methods An attenuated HSV-1 strain M3 was used to immunize BALB/c mice.Specific immune responses indicated by the production of neutralizing antibodies were detected.Wild-type HSV-1 and HSV-2 strains were respectively used to infect the mice through different ways 28 d after the immunization to observe the protective immunity in the M3-immunized mice against HSV-1/2 infection.Results M3 strain could not induce specific neutralizing antibodies against HSV-2.Therefore,viral loads in tissues of the immunized mice increased significantly following different modes of HSV-2 exposure.However,no obvious abnormal clinical manifestations were found and the histopathological damage was only slight inflammatory reaction.In contrast,HSV-1-specific neutralizing antibodies were elicited in the M3-immunizaed mice with significant protective effects against HSV-1 infection.Conclusions The immune response induced by attenuated HSV-1 strain M3 in mice exhibited immune-protective effects characterized by production of neutralizing antibodies and inhibition of virus proliferation in vivo against wild-type HSV-1 infection.For HSV-2,instead of neutralizing virus in form of antibodies,it featured by more of clinical cross-immunoprotective abilities to control virus growth.