基于风险评估的电动汽车直流充电站运维策略

Maintenance strategy research of DC charging stations for electric vehicle based on risk assessment

随着电动汽车保有量的迅速增长,针对当前直流充电站运维工作的粗略性和低效性,提出基于风险评估的电动汽车直流充电站运维方法。首先建立充电站运维体系,定义充电桩故障事件给用户造成的后果为最小时间损失(LOT),结合故障参数建立风险评估模型,实现系统风险量化;通过缺供电量(ENC)对充电站进行风险追踪,评估各站风险水平并确定运维次序。其次,建立用户行驶与充电模型,采用动态交通模拟计算相关风险指标。最后,构建以经济性与可靠性为目标的直流充电站优化运维模型,确定各站运维时长。算例结果表明,相较于当前运维工作,该策略在满足运维要求的同时又能够显著提高系统的可靠性,提高了整体运维效益。

With the rapid growth of the number of electric vehicles,in view of the rough and inefficient operation and maintenance of the current DC charging station,a method based on risk assessment for the operation and maintenance of DC charging stations is proposed.Firstly,this paper establishes the operation and maintenance system.The consequences of the charging pile failure event to the user is defined as the loss of time(LOT)combining the fault parameters to establish the risk assessment model and realize system risk quantification.The risk tracking of the charging station is carried out by the energy not charged(ENC).The risk level of each station is evaluated while the operation and maintenance timing is determined.Secondly,the model of driving and charging of users is built.The dynamic traffic simulation is used to calculate risk indicators.Finally,the optimal operation and maintenance model of DC charging station aiming at economy and reliability is constructed to determine the maintenance duration of each station.The results is used to calculate the relevant risk indicators imitatively.Finally,a DC charging station optimization operation and maintenance model with the goal of economy and reliability is constructed to determine the operation and maintenance time of each station.The results of simulation examples show that compared with the current operation and maintenance work,this strategy can not only meet the operation and maintenance requirements,but also significantly improve the reliability of the system and improve the overall operation and maintenance efficiency.