北京市昌平区草莓基质生产情况调研

Investigation and Survey on Strawberry Substrate Production in Changping District of Beijing

基于北京市昌平区草莓种植户的问卷调研数据,运用描述性统计分析方法,对草莓高架基质、地面半基质模式生产情况进行分析。结果显示:高架基质和半基质模式较土壤模式具有管理省工,人力成本低,用肥、用药量降低,果实美观整洁等优点;生产中存在的问题主要有基质价格高,栽培槽边易折果柄等。病虫害防治与营养液配比是受访者最想了解的草莓基质栽培技术。引进基质资材是受访者最迫切需求的草莓基质栽培政策。针对调研结果,从3个方面提出相关对策:一是降低基质栽培成本,提高技术应用水平;二是以休闲采摘带动基质技术发展;三是根据需求开展培训、制定政策,有的放矢。

Based on the data obtained from questionnaire survey of strawberry farmer households in Changping District of Beijing,and by descriptive statistical analysis method,this paper analyzed the production situation of strawberry in elevated matrix and ground semi substrate mode.The results showed that comparing with the soil model,the elevated substrate and semi substrate mode had the advantages of saving labor in administration,lowering manpower cost,reducing fertilizer and drug consumption,and presenting beautiful and clean fruit apperance.The main existing problems in production were high substrate price,and the carpopodium at the edge of cultivation groove was easily to be broken.The matching of pest control and nutrient solution was the technique for strawberry substrate cultivation mostly wanted to know by the interviewee.While,the introduction of substrate material was the policy of strawberry substrate cultivation most urgently required by the interviewee.According to the results of investigation and survey,the paper put forward relevant countermeasures from 3 aspects:first,reducing the cost of substrate cultivation and improving the applying level of technology;second,promoting the development of matrix technology by leisurely picking;third,carrying out training and making policy according to the actual needs.