来波极化对鱼骨天线阵低频段波束合成的影响研究

Influence of incoming wave polarization on beamforming of fishbone antenna array in low frequency band

为清晰认知短波定向扇形天线阵,改进阵列波束合成方法,提升波束合成系统性能,利用鱼骨天线阵列模型模拟接收实际不同极化的天波信号,分析阵列合成波束的指向、增益随来波极化和阵列单元数的变化规律,得到在高极化角来波信号时,来波极化补相时阵列的合成波束比按主极化补相时指向更稳定且增益最大可提高2 dB.同时利用实测数据对两种补相方式下阵列的波束合成性能进行了验证,与理论分析吻合很好.本文方法为进一步深入研究阵列极化特性提供了理论基础,并对波束合成实际工程化应用提供了理论依据.

In order to clearly recognize the shortwave directional sector antenna array,we improve the array beamforming method and the performance of the beamforming system,and use the model of fishbone antenna array to simulate the reception of different polarization signals.We analyze the direction and gain of beam vary with the polarization of incoming wave and the number of array elements.The results show that when the incoming wave signal is a high polarization angle,the direction of the array beamforming according to the polarization phase complement of the incident wave is more stable than that of the main polarization phase complement,and the gain can be improved by 2dB.At the same time,performance of the beamforming of two complementary phase modes are compared with the measured data.It fits well with the theoretical analysis.This method provides a theoretical basis for further studying the polarization characteristics of the array and the practical engineering application of the beamforming.