陌生的文明:清末画报中的西洋想象——市井视角中的西洋

Strange Civilization:Western imagination of pictorial in the late Qing Dynasty

近代中国的西洋认知,受这一时期中西关系的影响,呈现了从俯视到仰视的过程,在这一过程中,中国人的文化心态也发生了巨大变化。以普通社会为读者对象的画报,其体现的下层视角中的西洋景观,是一种远观的想象,呈现了物化的特征。这是清末中国普通社会认知中的西洋社会,交织着猎奇与艳羡、自尊与自卑。画报与经典文本认知间存在的差异,体现了晚清变革中知识阶层与下层社会间的认知鸿沟。然而,从文本到图画,新知识群体投身画报等通俗文本的编撰,以启智下民为任,不仅仅是书写符号与视角的差异,更体现了这一时期知识权力转移的趋势。

The Western perceptions of modern China,influenced by the relationship between China and the West,presents a process from looking down to looking up.In this process,the cultural mentality of Chinese people has also changed greatly.The pictorial,which takes the general society as the reader,embodies the western landscape from the perspective of the lower class.This western perception presents the characteristics of materialization.The differences between the cognition of pictorial and classical texts reflect the cognitive gap between the intellectual class and the lower class in the late Qing Dynasty.However,the new intellectuals engaged in the work of the lower class of Enlightenment by founding pictorials.From text to image,the differences were not only in writing symbols and perspectives,but also in the trend of knowledge power transfer in this period.