直肠癌术后并发肛周脓肿危险因素探讨及护理策略

Risk factors and nursing strategy of perianal abscess after rectal cancer operation

目的分析直肠癌术后并发肛周脓肿的危险因素,探讨其护理策略。方法回顾性分析2017年3月—2020年2月川北医学院附属医院收治的190例直肠癌患者,根据术后是否出现肛周脓肿分为观察组及对照组,其中观察组(发生肛周脓肿)65例,对照组(未发生肛周脓肿)125例。比较2组临床资料,分析肛周脓肿的相关危险因素。对出现肛周脓肿患者进行严密观察并采取相关护理措施,比较干预前后患者的满意度。结果单因素分析显示,患者的住院时间、年龄、白细胞计数以及肛周疾病情况与直肠癌术后患者并发肛周脓肿有关;多因素Logistic回归分析显示,患者年龄在55岁以上、患有肛周疾病、白细胞计数≤4×109/L以及住院时间>30 d为直肠癌术后并发肛周脓肿的独立危险因素。观察组患者护理干预后满意度为95.4%,明显高于干预前的73.8%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论直肠癌术后肛周脓肿发生率高,危险因素多样,应针对相关因素进行干预以预防其发生。

Objective To analyze the risk factors of perianal abscess after rectal cancer operation and explore the nursing strategies.Methods A retrospective analysis of 190 patients with rectal cancer admitted to our hospital from March 2017 to February 2020 was made.According to whether there was perianal abscess after operation,the patients were divided into observation group and control group.Among them,65 patients in observation group had perianal abscess,and 125 patients in control group had no perianal abscess.Compared with the clinical data of the patients,the relevant risk factors causing perianal abscess were analyzed The related indexes were analyzed by logistic.The patients with perianal abscess were closely observed,and the doctors were informed of the abnormal conditions for relevant nursing,and the patients'satisfaction before and after the intervention was compared.Results Univariate analysis showed that the length of stay,age,leukocyte count and perianal disease were related to perianal abscess in patients with rectal cancer after operation;multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the age of patients over 55 years old,with perianal disease,the number of leukocytes less than or equal to 4×109/L and the length of stay more than 30 days were the patients with perianal abscess after operation The results showed that 95.4%of patients'satisfaction before and after the intervention was significantly higher than 73.8%of patients'satisfaction before the intervention,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The incidence of perianal abscess is high and the risk factors are various.The key to prevent perianal abscess in patients with rectal cancer is to intervene the related factors.