外商直接投资、金融发展与城乡收入差距——基于东部省区面板数据的研究

Foreign Direct Investment、Financial Development and Urban-rural Income Gap——A Research Based on Panel Data of Eastern Provinces

在当今经济全球化的背景下,开放和金融发展不仅成为拉动经济发展的动力,同时也影响着各国内部的城乡收入差距。基于2005—2017的中国东部地区11省市的面板数据,分析外商直接投资和金融发展对城乡收入差距的影响。实证结果表明,对于东部省区,随着外商直接投资的增加,城乡收入差距呈现了先上升后下降倒U型的非线性关系,而随着金融发展程度提高,城乡收入差距呈现了先下降后上升U型的非线性关系。实证结果同时表明了经济开放度、教育水平和财政支出的提高均有助于缩小城乡收入差距。

In the context of economic globalization,openness and financial development have not only become the driving force for economic development,but also affected the income gap within countries.Based on panel data of 11 provinces and cities in eastern China from 2005 to 2017,this paper analyses the impact of FDI and financial development on income gap.The empirical study found that with the deepening of financial development,the urban-rural income gap in the eastern provinces showed a U-shaped trend that first declined and then increased.With the increase of foreign direct investment,the urban-rural income gap in the eastern provinces increased first and then decreased.The results of the article also show that the economic openness,education level and the expansion of fiscal expenditure are all conducive to improving income inequality.