欧盟跨境能源基础设施治理组织结构与机制

A Study on Governance Organization and Mechanism of EU Cross-border Energy Infrastructure

欧盟能源基础设施网络是欧盟能源市场一体化的基础,跨境能源基础设施是其当前建设和发展的核心。依据欧盟能源政策和欧盟能源一体化发展的规划蓝图,在欧盟委员会的主导下,通过成立次区域小组,整合国家能源监管部门与能源输送系统运营商,成立欧盟能源监管合作署等行动,欧盟跨境能源基础设施治理组织得以构建,并且通过立法形式对实施者的角色、职责予以确定。同时,围绕共同利益项目这一区域能源基础设施网络发展的关键要素,欧盟形成了以项目选择与确定、项目评估与跨境成本分配、项目协调和许可为核心的治理机制,从而实现了欧盟、成员国国家政府、系统运营商和公众等多方利益相关者的利益识别、分配、平衡和确认。然而,由于在项目净负效益衡量、跨境成本承担标准、监管部门管理权限与范围、国家经济条件与能源管理体系等诸多方面存在问题,欧盟跨境能源基础设施的治理仍然面临跨境成本分配、项目监管和项目优先地位实质性获得等方面的挑战。

The EU energy infrastructure network is the foundation of the energy market integration in the EU,and cross-border energy infrastructure is the core of its current construction and development.Based on the EU energy policy and the blueprint for integrated development of energy in the EU,a governance organization was set up for cross-border energy infrastructure under the guidance of the European Commission by establishing sub-regional groups,integrating national energy regulators with energy transportation system operators,and establishing the European energy regulatory cooperation agency,and the roles and responsibilities of the implementers were determined by legislation.At the same time,centering on projects of common interest,which is the key to the development of regional energy infrastructure network,the EU set up a governance mechanism with project selection and determination,project evaluation and cross-border cost allocation,and project coordination and licensing as the core,so as to achieve the identification,distribution,balancing and confirmation of interests among multi-stakeholders such as the EU,the member states,the system operators and the public.However,due to the problems in the measurement of net negative benefit of projects,the cross-border cost bearing standards,the regulatory power and scope of regulators,and the economic conditions and energy management systems of the member states,the governance of the EU cross-border energy infrastructure still faces the challenges of cross-border cost allocation,project supervision and substantial acquisition of project priority.