南海外海鸢乌贼渔场范围与海洋环境的关系

The relationship between the resources of Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis in the open South China Sea and the marine environment

为研究南海外海鸢乌贼渔场范围与海洋环境因子之间的联系,本文根据2013−2018年广西壮族自治区北海市灯光罩网渔船在南海外海的鸢乌贼生产数据和海洋环境遥感数据,对鸢乌贼渔场范围的时空分布与海表面温度(SST)、海表面高度(SSH)和海表面叶绿素a(Chl a)浓度的关系进行研究。结果表明:在5°~20°N,108°~118°E海域内,SST、SSH、Chl a浓度3个环境因子对鸢乌贼渔场范围的时空分布影响较大。其适宜的SST、SSH、Chl a浓度分别为:25~31℃、46~80 cm、0.05~0.27 mg/m^(3),其渔场重心由南向北转移。此外,通过对2013−2018年1−12月的单位捕捞努力量渔获量(CPUE)与海洋环境因子的关系进行K-S检验,结果显示CPUE和海洋环境因子之间没有显著性差异,即SST、SSH、Chl a浓度3个环境指标可以有效地表征鸢乌贼资源密度和中心渔场分布状况。

In order to study the relationship between the open South China Sea Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis fishing ground and the marine environmental factors,this article is based on the data of fishing net fishing boat production and remote sensing of marine environment from 2013 to 2018 in Beihai,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Redion.The relationship between the spatiotemporal distribution of the fishing ground of Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis and sea surface temperature(SST),sea surface height(SSH)and sea surface chlorophyll a(Chl a)concentration were studied.The results showed that in the sea areas of 5°−20°N and 108°−118°E,the three environmental factors of SST,SSH and Chl a concentration had a great influence on the spatial and temporal distribution of the fishing ground of Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis.The suitable values of SST,SSH and Chl a concentration within the fishing Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis ground of oualaniensis were:25−31℃,46−80 cm,0.05−0.27 mg/m^(3),and the center of gravity of the fishing ground shifts from south to north.In addition,the K-S test was performed on the relationship between CPUE values and marine environmental factors from January to December 2013−2018,and the results showed that there was no significant difference between the CPUE values and marine environmental factors.Therefore,the three environmental indicators SST,SSH and Chl a concentration can effectively characterize the resource density of the Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis and the distribution of the central fishing ground.