乡村振兴背景下基层科协与农技协的现实困境和发展思考

The Predicament and Future Development of Local Association for Science and Technology and Rural Special Technology Association under the Background of Rural Revitalization Strategy

中国科协的各级组织是我国实施科教兴国战略、建设创新型国家的重要力量,也是联结最基层的科技工作者和广大农民群体、促进乡村振兴战略落地的纽带。然而,全国层面的科协系统拥有高端的科技,但真正与广大农民群众对接的基层科协却是"冷冷清清"的"尴尬"组织,面临编制不足、队伍松散、经费紧缺、激励缺乏、地位不高、机关化和行政化等问题,在有限的人力、财力等资源约束下难以胜任直通基层"最后一公里"的任务。尽管如此,基层科协和农技协也不乏助力乡村振兴、精准扶贫的实践创新行动,其中,"专家工作站+农技协+公司(协会)+农户"是整合各方资源、实现小农户和现代农业发展有机衔接的有效方式。为了推动基层科协更好地服务乡村振兴战略,建议建立基层专家工作站、总结各地最佳实践、表彰优秀基层科协组织、出台加强基层科协建设的政策文件、补充县级科协应届大学毕业生就业岗位等。

All levels of organization of China Association for Science and Technology is critical to implement the strategy for invigorating China through science and education and build an innovative country.They also contribute to connecting grass-root scientific and technical workers and the vast peasantry as well as translating the rural revitalization strategy into real-world practices.However,compared with national-level association for science and technology with advanced technologies,the local-level organizations which have direct access to peasant groups tend to be embarrassed and desolate.Due to insufficient authorized personnel quota,unorganized teamwork,funding shortage,weak incentive mechanisms,inferior official status,bureaucracy and other restraints in workforce and finance,local-level associations for science and technology are incompetent for the"last mile"tasks to serve local farmers.Nevertheless,local associations for science and technology and rural special technology association have made innovative efforts for rural revitalization and poverty alleviation,e.g.the collaborative model as"specialists workstation+rural special technology association+enterprises(association)+farmers"can integrate resources from different parties and promote the connections between small farmer households and modern agriculture.Establishing local specialists workstations,synthesizing best practices,commending excellent local associations for science and technology,formulating policies to strengthen the capacities of local associations for science and technology,and increasing employment opportunities for new college graduates in the county-level associations for science and technology,are recommended to enhance the local associations for science and technology to better serve the rural revitalization strategy.