葫芦科14-3-3(GRF)基因家族的鉴定及进化分析

Genome-wide Identification and Evolutionary Analysis of 14-3-3(GRF)Gene Family in Cucurbitaceae

14-3-3蛋白是植物中一类高度保守的蛋白家族,因其特异识别并结合靶蛋白的磷酸化位点而广泛参与植物生长发育和逆境胁迫响应过程。为系统地了解14-3-3(GRF)基因家族在葫芦科作物中的基本特征和进化关系,本研究利用生物信息学从葫芦科7个物种基因组内共鉴定出83个14-3-3(GRF)基因,其中西瓜中有10个、甜瓜中9个、黄瓜中10个、瓠瓜中9个,3个南瓜属物种基因组各15个。理化特性表明14-3-3(GRF)蛋白的分子量约为30 k D,且大都为酸性氨基酸(pI<7.0)。相对于西瓜、甜瓜、黄瓜和瓠瓜,基因组复制事件是3个南瓜属物种内14-3-3(GRF)基因数目增多的主要原因。进化分析显示,葫芦科14-3-3(GRF)基因家族可进一步被划分为ε类和非ε类亚组,且后者的基因结构(外显子数目,内含子相位)较为保守。本研究结果首次完成了14-3-3(GRF)基因家族在葫芦科作物的鉴定、基因结构、基因家族扩增、共线性及进化分析,为更深入研究该家族基因的生物学功能提供参考。

14-3-3 pr otein is a highly conserved gene family in plants,which can specially recognize and bind with phosphoserine/phosphothreonine residues in the target proteins and thus involve in plant development and responses to environmental stresses.To systemically recover the basic characteristics and evolutionary history of14-3-3(GRF)gene family in Cucurbitaceae.In this study,a total of 8314-3-3(GRF)genes were identified from the genomes of 7 species of Cucurbitaceae by bioinformatics including 10,9,10,9 from watermelon,melon,cucumber and bottle gourd,as well as 45 homologs from three Cucurbita pecies.Physicochemical properties reveal that the molecular weights of most 14-3-3(GRF)proteins are around 30 kD,which are considered as soluble acidic proteins due to their isoelectric points(pI<7.0).Compared with that in watermelon,melon,cucumber and bottle gourd,the whole genome duplication is the main reason for the high copy numbers of 14-3-3(GRF)genes in Cucurbita genus.Additionally,the 14-3-3(GRF)gene family could be further divided into two groups(groupεand non-εgroup),of which the latter one contains the more conserved gene structures,such as exon number and intron phase.Collectively,these results in this study provide the first insights into the gene structure,gene family expansion,syntenic relationship and evolutionary analysis of 14-3-3(GRF)gene family in Cucurbitaceae,which will offer valuable information for functional analysis of 14-3-3(GRF)genes in future.