植物高温胁迫响应分子机制研究

Study on the Molecular Mechanism of Plant High Temperature Stress Response

作为固着生物,植物需要面对持续变化的环境,不断地受到温度和其他非生物因素的影响。未来植物所面临的平均环境温度将会随着全球气候变暖逐渐上升,因此高温愈发成为影响植物生长发育、地理分布及产量的非生物胁迫因子。了解植物对高温胁迫的适应机制,有助于开发耐热品种,改善温暖气候地区植物的生长状况以及提高作物的生产力。植物体中,在分子水平,转录组学及蛋白质组学联合揭示了mRNA以及蛋白水平的植物应答高温胁迫的基因表达模式变化;另外高温胁迫广泛涉及植物体内多种信号转导机制。因此,本综述主要从植物响应高温胁迫分子水平上的转录组、蛋白质组学方面,以及信号转导等方面全面总结了植物响应高温胁迫的研究进展,并对未来的研究前景进行了展望,为了解近几年高温胁迫研究动态和高温胁迫常见研究方式,解析植物高温胁迫耐受机理以及耐高温品种的培育提供参考。

As sessile organisms,plants face a constantly changing environment and are constantly influenced by temperature and other non-biological factors.In the future,the average environmental temperature faced by plants will gradually rise with global warming.Therefore,high temperature becomes an abiotic stress factor affecting plant growth,development,geographical distribution and yield.Understanding the adaptation mechanism of plants to high temperature stress can help to develop heat-resistant varieties,improve plant growth in warm climate areas and improve crop productivity.In plants,at the molecular level,transcriptome and proteomics combined revealed changes in gene expression patterns at mRNA and protein levels in response to high temperature stress.In addition,high temperature stress is widely involved in a variety of signal transduction mechanisms in plants.Therefore,this review mainly from the plant response to heat stress on the molecular level of the transcriptome,proteomics,and signal transduction and so on comprehensively summarized the research progress of plant response to heat stress,and the prospects for future research,to understand in recent years,high temperature stress common research methods,research dynamic and high temperature stress analytic plant high temperature stress tolerance mechanism and high temperature resistant varieties breeding to provide the reference.