基于区块链的分布式激励机制研究

Research on distributed incentive mechanism based on blockchain

激励机制广泛应用于群智感知、P2P视频点播、机会网络等场景中,是提升信息网络服务质量与效率的关键。现有的激励机制通常依赖于类似银行的可信中心,但可信中心因其管控不透明、易受攻击等特征而存在系统信任缺失和隐私泄露问题。基于区块链的激励机制可作为上述问题的解决方案,区块链具有去中心化、开放性、不可窜改、匿名性等特征,可在互不了解的多方间建立可靠的信任关系,而且基于区块链的密码货币获得现实世界广泛的关注和认可。介绍区块链技术及密码货币差异;然后总结基于区块链的激励机制研究现状,包括激励机制交易形式、激励机制分类和激励机制评价标准;最后对现有激励机制进行总结和展望。

Incentive mechanism is the key to improve the quality and efficiency of information network service,and is widely used in crowdsensing applications,P2P VoD streaming,opportunistic networks and so on.The existing incentive mechanisms usually rely on trusted centers like banks,but the trusted centers may have the problems of a lack of trust and privacy leakage due to the systems’vulnerability and the trusted centers’opacity.The incentive mechanism based on blockchain can be used as a solution to the above problems.For one reason,blockchain is decentralized,open,tamper-resistant and semi-anonymity,and it can establish a trust among multiple parties who do not know each other.Moreover,the cryptocurrency based on blockchain has been paid more and more attentions and has been gradually accepted by people.This paper firstly summarized the blockchain technology and the differences of cryptocurrencies,then presented the research stratus of incentive mechanisms based on blockchain including the incentive mechanism transactions,the common incentive mechanisms and the evaluation of the incentive mechanisms.Finally,it summarized and looked forward to the research of the existing incentive mechanism.