东北地区交通优势度演变格局及影响机制

The spatiotemporal differentiation and mechanisms of traffic dominance in Northeast China

交通是老工业地区可持续发展的重要资源,评价和研究交通优势度的时空分异规律和机制具有重要的现实意义。本文建立了基于交通路网密度、交通干线影响度和区位优势度的综合评估体系,并以东北地区为例,通过网络分析、冷热点分析、多变量线性回归和地理加权回归等方法深入探讨了交通优势度总体空间格局及其影响因素和作用机制。结果表明:(1)东北地区交通优势度总体呈上升趋势,其空间分布格局呈现以哈大线为轴的"核心—外围"结构,交通优势度高值多沿交通干线分布。(2)东北地区整体交通优势度空间极化现象显著,高值区多在高铁沿线集聚,低值区在内蒙古东部及黑龙江省北部集聚,且其空间差异逐渐增加。(3)快速交通方式对东北地区交通优势度贡献高,人口承载能力对交通优势度时空分异的影响作用逐渐增强,扩充交通干线、增加交通枢纽有助于提升东北地区交通优势度水平。

Traffic facilities are important resources for the future sustainable development of old industrial areas.It is of great practical significance to evaluate and study the spatiotemporal differentiation laws and mechanisms of traffic dominance.A comprehensive evaluation method based on traffic network density,traffic trunk line influence degree,and location dominance was constructed to measure traffic dominance.Taking Northeast China as the case study,the influencing factors and mechanisms of the overall pattern of traffic dominance were analyzed through network analysis,multivariable linear regression and geographic weighted regression.The results show that:(1)The overall traffic dominance of Northeast China is on the rise,and its spatial distribution pattern takes Harbin-Dalian line as the axis and presents a"core-periphery"structure.(2)The spatial differentiation of the overall traffic dominance of the study area is obvious.Most of the high value areas are concentrated along the high-speed railways,while the low value areas are mainly distributed in the east of Inner Mongolia and the north of Heilongjiang.The spatial difference is increasing gradually.(3)The fast traffic mode contributes a lot to the traffic dominance of Northeast China,and the influence of population carrying capacity on the spatiotemporal differentiation of traffic dominance is gradually strengthened.Expanding the traffic trunk lines and increasing the number of traffic hubs will help to improve the traffic dominance of Northeast China.