从“道法自然”到“辨证与辨病相结合”——中医药学认识方法的前因后果

From“learn from nature”to“combination of syndrome differentiation and disease differentiation”:antecedents and consequences of cognitive methods in traditional Chinese medicine

有鉴于中医药学脏腑与病因学理论与现代认识的巨大差异与其辨证施治的有效性,从复杂性科学的角度对其认识方法的前因后果进行了比较分析与探讨,认为中医药学认识方法始于“道法自然”与“取象比类”,通过“辨证施治”的“状态分析与处理”,建立了一套“理、法、方、药”俱全的“多因素非线性分析与处理”诊疗体系。中西医药学辨证与辨病相结合实现了复杂性科学所强调的既要重视物质或因素本身的作用,也不忽视对其作用的“初始条件”,从而完善了临床医药学的认识方法,也是其能够显著提高与改善中西药物临床疗效的原因所在。它不仅是中西医药学结合的使然,也是现代生物医药学进一步发展与完善的必由之路。

In view of the great difference between the theories of viscera and etiology in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)and the modern medical theories,and the effectiveness of its syndrome differentiation and treatment(diagnosis and treatment based on an overall analysis of the illness and the patient’s condition),the causes and consequences of its cognitive methods are compared and analyzed from the perspective of complexity science.It is thought that its cognitive methods are from“learn from nature”and“image analogy”,and a multi-factor nonlinear analysis and treatment system is established through the conditional analysis and treatment of syndrome differentiation and treatment.The combination of syndrome differentiation and disease differentiation between Chinese and western medicine has realized that the complexity science emphasizes not only the role of matter or factor itself,but also the“initial condition”of its action.Thus,it improves the cognitive methods of clinical medicine,and it is also the reason why it can significantly improve the clinical efficacy of Chinese and western medicine.It is not only the combination of traditional Chinese and western medicine,but also the essential way for the further development and improvement of modern biomedical science.